152 manual of pack teanspoetation. 



blacksmith's boxes. 



Sec. 104. Made of seven-eighths inch white pine, 24 inches long, 12 

 inches wide, and 9 inches high, outside measurements; to be dove- 

 tailed ; inside tin lined ; no lid or cover. 



blacksmith's kit. 



Sec. 105. To consist of — 



Horseshoe knives, blades 3|- inches 2 



Rasps, length 16 inches 2 



Shoeing hammer 1 



Hand hammer 1 



Pritchel 1 



Pincers 1 



Cutting^ nippers 1 



Clinch iron 1 



Packer's field anvil 1 



Blacksmith's apron (sheepskin) 1 



To make the field anvil, take a piece of flat iron about 18 inches 

 long, 3 inches wide, and one-half inch thick; shape this into a triangle 

 about 5 inches on the side and weld together. 



4. HOW TO ORGANIZE A PACK TRAIN. 



Sec. 106. As an aid to more readily teach the animals in their 

 duties a corral should be provided in which to arrange the rigging 

 and cargo and to keep them ofl' the ground. Procure some two by 

 fours; space them 18 inches apart and hold them by crosspieces, on 

 which to place the aparejos; for the cargo procure some boards to 

 rest on the two by fours and form a platform 8 by 65 feet (it is not 

 expected to provide these conditions in the field). Now, to teach 

 the animals to come to rigging and prevent crowding and pushing 

 the aparejos out of position drive five stakes in rear of the rigging 

 and connect them by two by fours or suitable poles placed on top of 

 the stakes and nail down; the height of stakes should not exceed 

 6 inches above the rigging. Next cover the rigging, tie down and 

 spread the "feed covers" thereon. Along the line of covers pour 

 sufficient grain to encourage the animals to approach the rigging in 

 rear of the line of stakes or guard rail; for this purpose the gateway 

 to enter the corral should be placed facing the line and end of the 

 rigging, the first aparejo placed being considered the head, the last 

 in line the end of rigging. 



Before the train is brought into corral to ' ' line up ' ' the pack master 

 and cargador should take position in front of the rigging to prevent 

 the animals jumping over the guard rail. Six packers take station 

 in rear of the guard rail facing the line of approaching animals, 

 while one packer leads the "bell" horse, and the other packers remain 

 on the outside of corral to keep the animals together. 



The bell horse is tied to guard rail with halter shank at end of rig- 

 ging, the packer taking station in rear of the animal and causing 

 the other animals as they approach to fall in on the flank of the 

 bell horse, the packers in rear of the guard rail causing the animals 

 to fall in line in the flank of each animal following. As the line 

 fills up the packers in rear of guard rail take station behind the ani- 



