230 MANUAL OF PACK TKANSPOKTATION. 



TO PREPARE AND LOAD THE PACKS. 



The animal being bridled and blinded, the pack is placed in posi- 

 tion as follows : 



The corona is first put on, the canvas' side next the animal and the 

 edge with circular stitching just over the withers. 



The crupper, sobre-jalma, and pack frame are all bound to the 

 aparejo body. The crupper is first attached by the leather thongs 

 provided for the purpose. The sobre-jalma is then placed in position 

 over the aparejo body, the slits near its center being passed over the 

 staples projecting from the aparejo body. Next comes the pack 

 frame, which is placed over all, the staples mentioned above passing 

 through slots in the projecting ends of the flat steel pieces riveted to 

 the bronze arches. The whole is fastened together by leather billets 

 sewed to the sobre-jalma, the ends of which pass through the eyes of 

 the staples. 



The parts thus assembled are placed on the animal over the corona 

 and bound in place by the aparejo cincha. The cincha is placed in 

 position by passing the gas pipe end (seam side up) through the 

 pack frame from the near side and bringing it up under the animal's 

 belly. It is bound by simply passing the cincha strap several times 

 through its seat in the end of the cincha and a ring fastened to the 

 cincha strap near its fast end. 



The pressure of the folds one upon another prevents slipping of 

 the cincha strap. The loose end of the cincha strap is passed through 

 a loop sewed to the cincha. 



The hangers, gun, and tripod, or ammunition, are next placed in 

 position and secured to the belly cinchas. The loads are then placed 

 in position and fastened by straps attached to the various hangers. 



The load cincha is now put on and lashed in place by the straps in 

 the ends of the belly cincha. These straps also pass through D rings 

 attached to the hangers, thus binding the various parts of the load 

 firmly together. 



CARE AND PRESERVATION OF LEATHER EQUIPMENTS. 



These equipments are made of russet leather containing enough 

 oil to materially improve the quality and increase the life of the 

 leather, but not enough to soil the clothing if the equipment is prop- 

 erly cared for. 



The leather is pure oak tanned, of No. 1 tannage and finish, hand 

 stuffed, with a fight dubbing made of pure tallow and cod liver oil 

 to preserve the leather, the dubbing being so sparingly used that the 

 oil will not exude. 



The following directions for cleaning and preserving the leather 

 equipment should be carefully followed: 



To preserve the life of russet leather equipments they should be 

 cleaned whenever dirt, grit, or dust has collected on them or when 

 they have become saturated with the sweat of a horse. In cleaning 

 them the parts should first be separated and each part sponged, using 

 a lather of castile soap and warm water. When nearly dry a lather 

 of Crown soap and warm water should be used. If the equipment is 

 cared for frequently this method is sufficient; but if the leather has 

 become hard and dry a fittle neat's-foot oil should be applied after 



