xiv Contents. 



VARIOUS MODES OF SUPPORTING GRAPE-VINES — Continued. 



PAGE 



Self-supported Vines, - - - - - 156 



Vines supported by Trees, - - - - 157 



Vines Trained to Grape-Stakes, - ■■■57 



Vines supported by Horizontal Laths, - - 166 



Training on Wire, - - - - 168 



Knox's Vertical Wooden Trellis, - - - -179 



IX. OPERATIONS OTHER THAN PRUNING. 

 Laying down the Plants, - 180 



Fastening of the Plant, and Bending of the Fruit-Steihs, 181 

 Rubbing out and Pinching, - - - - - 185 



Buds to be Suppressed, - - - - - -186 



Nipping the Bunches, - - - - - - 188 



Fastening the Shoots, - '- - - - -188 



Pinching the Shoots, - - - - - -189 



Clipping the Shoots, - - - - - 190 



Summer Pruning of the Grape, - - - - igi 



Thinning the Leaves, - . . - . 200 



X. ANNUAL CULTIVATION OF THE SOIL. 

 Plowi?igs, ... . . 203 



Implements used in Working the Ground, 206 



Comparison between the Cost of Working by Hand 



and with the Plow, - . - zio 



Second Dressings, - 221 



Comparative Cost of Light-Dressing, by Hand and 



by the Plow, - 225 



XI. MANURES AND CHEMICAL APPLICATIONS FOR VINE- 

 YARDS. 



Manures — their Importance, - 227 



Are Manures Prejudicial to the Quality of the Wine.' 228 



Nature of the Manures to be Employed, - 232 



Highly Nitrogenous Manures, - - - . 233 



