140 



Vineyard Culture, 



as experience has already proved in that country ; wires 

 will be substituted for grape-stakes ; it will be possible 

 to use the plow when the lay of the land will allow it ; 

 and the shoots and bunches being better exposed to the 

 sun, will ripen more perfectly. Lastly, the fruit-stems, 

 growing from a stock above ground, and of some age, 

 will yield a wine of better quality. 



[Fig. 40.] — Low Vine of I'Aunis, before Pruning — down- 

 ward view. 

 The vineyards of 

 1. ' Aunis, in lower 

 Charente, have an- 

 other style of low 

 vines. Here the vig- [Fig. 41. J — Low Vine of l' Aunis, 

 orous sorts are culti- after Pruning — side view . 



vated ; the vines are planted in very wide rows, from 



