210 Vineyard Culture. 



plants, having a space between them of not more than 

 three feet. 



The use of the plow, in vineyards, is not a new thing. 

 In the region of the South where the vines are set very 

 far apart, and where the produce — less sought after than 

 that of the North — had not the means of transit which 

 it now enjoys, there has long been an endeavor to di- 

 thinish the cost of cultivation by the use of the plow. 

 For this purpose, the tool shown in Figure 85 has been 



[Fig. 85.] — Plow used in Provence, 

 used. It is nothing more than the implement intro- 

 duced into Narbonne by the Romans. This plow, hav- 

 ing no mold-board, only displaces the soil without 

 turning it over ; it therefore does very poor work. 



Nevertheless, this implement is still used, at least on 

 stony soils. It is drawn by one good-sized horse, 

 hitched to it by means of a shaft or thill. 



For vines of the same region, planted in deep ground, 

 plows with mold-boards are preferred. This plow is 

 also hitched by means of a shaft. This allows it to be 

 turned more easily in a small space, at the end of the 

 patch, and the horse is more easily handled. Figure 86 

 represents one of these tools, constructed by M. Lacaze, 

 of Nimes. Nevertheless, a plow with a single handle 



