Manures and Chemical Applications 237 



impart to the plants. If the quantity of product is the 

 main object aimed at, it is evident that a higher degree 

 of manuring will be requisite than if quality is the prin- 

 cipal end in view. 



The elementary composition of the soil, its natural 

 degree of moisture, and the climate, are so many cir- 

 cumstances affecting the action of the manure, and the 

 quantity that ought to be used. We can, therefore, 

 only give very general directions on this subject. Here 

 are a few : 



In the Department of the Gard, three hundred and 

 twenty-four cwts. of manure, per acre, are applied to 

 some vineyards, every four years, or eighty-one cwts. ■ 

 every year. It consists of sheep-manure, having about 

 0.67 per cent, of nitrogen. By means of this manure 

 an average product of nine hundred and fifty gallons per 

 acre is obtained. 



In most of the vineyards of Beaujolais, two hundred 

 and seventy cwts. of manure to the acre are applied 

 every three years, and the result obtained is four hun- 

 dred and seventy-five gallons to the acre. 



In the moorland district of Bordeaux, about two 

 hundred and forty-three cwts. of manure are used on 

 the acre, every three years, or eighty-one cwts. a year, 

 and the produce is an average of four hundred and 

 seventy-five gallons. 



In the Canton of Vaud (Switzerland), five hundred 

 and eighty-five cwts. of manure, every three years, or 

 one hundred and ninety-five cwts. every year, are ap- 

 plied to the acre. This enormous manuring gives an 

 average product of one thousand two hundred and sixty 

 gallons a year. 



