X INTRODUCTION 



They are divided by Dr. P. L. Sclater, F.E.S., &c., in a 

 paper in the " Ibis " for 1880, " On the Present State of the 

 Systema Avium," into the following groups or orders : — 



Class Aves. 



Sub-class Gahnatce (with a keeled sternum). 



Order 1. PASSEREs(Orows, Starlings, Weaver-Birds, Finches, 

 Larks, Sunbirds, Shrikes, Warblers, Thrushes, 

 Ply-catchers, Cuckoo-Shrikes, Drongos and 

 Swallows) . 

 „ 2. PicARiJE (Woodpeckers, Barbets, Honey-guides, 

 Trogons, Colies, Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, EoUers, 

 Hornbills, Hoopoes, Swifts, Nightjars, Cuckoos 

 and Plaintain-eaters). 



3. PsiTTACi (Parrots). 



4. Sthigbs (Owls). 



5. AcciPiTRBs (Falcons, Kites, Buzzards, Eagles, 

 Hawks, Vultures and Secretary -Bird). 



6. Steganopodbs (Frigate-Birds, Pehcans, Cor- 

 morants, Darters, Garmets and Tropic Birds). 



7. Heeodiones (Herons, Storks, and Ibises). 



8. Odontogloss^ (Flamingoes). 



9. Anseees (Geese and Ducks). 



10. CoLUMBiE (Pigeons and Doves). 



11. Ptbbocletes (Sand Grouse). 



12. Galling (Game-Birds, Guinea-Powl, Francolin, 

 Quail). 



13. Hemipodii (Three-toed or Button-quails). 



14. FuLicAEi^ (Coots, Moorhens, Eails and Finfoot). 



15. Alectoeidbs (Cranes and Bustards). 



16. LiMicoL^ (Thickheads, Coursers, Plovers, Sand- 

 pipers, Snipe and Jacanas). 



17. Gavim (Skuas, Gulls and Terns). 



