178 THE CHICAGO ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



Genus SETOPHAGA Swainson, ,1827. 



Setophaga ruticilla (LinnaBus). American Redstart. 



Motacilla ruticilla Linn^us, S. N., ed. 10, I, 1758, 186. 

 Muscicapa ruticilla LiInnjbus, S. N., ed. 12, I, 1766, 326. 

 Setophaga ruticilla Swainson, Phil. Mag., I, May, 1827, 368. 

 Popular synonyms : Black-and-eed Warblee. Yellow-tailed War- 

 BLEE or Flycatchee. Fan-tailed Waeblee or Fltcatchee. 



The American Redstart is a common summer resident, arriv- 

 ing early in May, departing about the last of September. 



The range of this species covers temperate North America 

 in general, though it is rare west of the Rocky Mountains within 

 the borders of the United States. It breeds through its United 

 States range and northward to Nova Scotia, Mackenzie, and on 

 the Pacific coast to southern Alaska. It winters in the West 

 Indies, Mexico, and southward through Central America to the 

 northern portions of South America. 



FAMILY MOTACILLID^: WAGTAILS AND PIPITS. 

 Genus ANTHUS Bechstein, 1807. 



Anthus pensilvanicus (Latham). American Pipit. 



Alauda pensilvanica Latham, Synop. Birds, Suppl.. I, 1787, 287. 

 Anthus ludovicianus Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl., 1823, 37. 

 Anthus pensilvanicus Thibnemann, Rhea, II, 1849, 171. 

 Popular synonyms : Titlaek. American Titlaek. Pennsylvania 

 Pipit. Louisiana Pipit. 



The American Pipit is a not uncommon migrant. The ma- 

 jority of these birds arrive early in April and stay in our vicinity 

 until about the middle of May. In the fall they return about 

 the tenth of September and remain until late in October. The 

 earliest of their arrival in the spring, of which I have any account, 

 is that of Mr. J. Grafton Parker, Jr., who tbok one at Grand 

 Crossing, Chicago, on March 14, 1885. The latest fall record 

 for this vicinity is a specimen which I took at Liverpool, Indiana, 

 on October 2y, 1896. Mr. E. W. Nelson says:* "Common in 

 Hocks along the Lake shore and on prairies during the migra- 

 tions. Arrives about the fifteenth of May. It is then just as- 

 suming the breeding dress, and remains until about the thirtieth, 

 when, its moult being completed, it moves north." 



The range of the American Pipit covers the whole of North 

 America, but it breeds only in subarctic regions and in the higher 



♦Birds of Northeastern Illinois, Bull, of the Essex Institute, Vol. VIII, 1876, 97. 



