10 



THE CONTAMINATION OF MILK. 



sons. The milking machine increases rather than lessens the 

 possibility of ordinary contamination, and, so long as rubber is 

 used in its construction, it cannot be regarded as a simple 

 means for avoiding contamination. 



Stable. The construction of the building and its condi- 

 tion as regards cleanliness are important factors in milk pro- 

 duction. The desirable sanitary features in a stable are those 

 contributing to easy cleaning, freedom from dust, good venti- 

 lation and abundant lighting. A one-story structure obviates 

 the undesirable features of the ordinary dusty ceiling with hay 



Fig. 3. A convenient stable. 



loft above, and, further, usually contributes to better ventila- 

 tion. Conditions permitting draughts of air, which stir up 

 dust, are to be avoided. Fig. 3 shows a convenient stable.. 

 Note the suspended railway track, by means of which the 

 manure is removed in buckets to a wagon. The railway is 

 used in a similar way to bring in feed. 



Floor. Cement is vastly preferable to wood as a floor, for it. 

 cannot become saturated with filth to give rise to offensive 

 odors. By accurate con.struction of the gutter behind the 

 cows, drainage conditions may be made perfect. A rough 

 sandpaper finish obviates the danger of cows slipping. Planer ■ 

 shavings (17), as bedding, offer the minimum of possibility 



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