t> 



SYLVICOLIDiE , WAEBLEES. GEN. 35. 95 



(Xantus, Gruber). Wils., iii, 120, pi. 27, f. 3, and vi, 15; Nutt., i, 

 412; AuD., ii, 103, pi. 113; Bd., 256; Coop., 82. . . . ruficapilla. 

 I (j. Orange-crowned Warbler. Olive-green, nearly luiiform, rather brightest 

 on rump, never ashy on head : below, greenish-yelloiv, washed with olive on 

 the sides ; crown with more or less concealed orange-hrown patch (sometimes 

 wanting) ; ej^e-riug and obscure superciliary line yellowish. Size of the 

 last, and often diiEcult to distinguish in immature plumage ; but a general 

 oliveness and yellowness, compared with the ashy of some parts of ruficapilla, 

 and the diiferent color of the crown-patch in the two species, will nsually 

 be diagnostic. North America ; common in the West, rare or irregular in 

 the Eastern States. Bonap., Am. Orn., i, 45, pi. 5, f. 2; Nutt., i, 413; 



AuD., ii, 100, pi. 112; Bd., 257; Coop., 83 celata. 



Tennessee Warbler. Olive-green, brighter behind but never quite yellow 

 on the tail covei'ts, more or less ashy towards and on head ; no croivnjmtch; 

 below, white, often glossed with yellowish but never quite yellow ; a ring- 

 round eye, and superciliary line, whitish; frequently an obscure whitish 

 spot on outer tail feathers ; lores dusky ; in the $ and young the olivaceous 

 glosses the whole upper parts. 4J-4f , xoing about 2f , tail 2 or less; this 

 comparative length of wing and tail, with other characters, prolxably always 

 distinguishes the species from the foregoing. Eastern North America ; rare 

 in New England. Wils., iii, 83, pi. 25, f. 2 ; Nutt., i, 412 ; Aud., ii, 91, 

 pi. 110; Bd., 258 PEUEGiiiNA. 



35. Genus DENDRCECA Gray. 



*,* The coloration of the rectrices is a good cUie to tliis genus ; for all the 

 species, excepting cestiva and its exotic conspecies or varieties, have the tail feathers 

 at all ages blotclied with white — a feature onl}' shown, among North American 

 allies, in gen. 30, 31, 32 and part of 34, 40. About thirty-five species jDass current, 

 but only twenty-seven of them are well established ; they all occur within our limits 

 excepting these: — pityopMla (Cuba), adelaklan (Porto Rico), pharetra (Jamaica), 

 olivacea (Mexico), and petechia with its several tropical forms, all like cestiva, and 

 of "which eoa (Jamaica) and aureola (Galapagos) seem most likely to prove 

 genuine. Of the twenty-five species ascribed to North America, one, olivacea, has 

 been admitted upon insufficient evidence; of two others, "montana" and "car- 

 bonata," nothing is now known ; leaving twenty-two species to be here treated. 

 Kirtlandii is exceedingly rare ; only two or three specimens have ever been dis- 

 covered. Tigrina has been lately removed from the genus, as tj'pe of a new one 

 (Perissoglossa), on account of a peculiar structure of the tongue, which resembles 

 that of certain Coerebidce; but, as Sundevall remarks, we have j-et to see whether 

 other warblers do not possess the same character. This is an inviting problem ; the 

 student may render good service to ornithology, and reflect credit on himself, 

 by examining the tongues of some additional (see Baied, Rev., 164) species 

 under a moderate magnifying power, and publishing his results. Baird's excellent 

 analysis of the North American species known in 1858 was supplemented in 1865 

 by a more complete review of the whole genus, and in 1869 a monographic essay 

 was given by Sundevall (Ofvers. Kongl. Vetensk. Akad. Forh., 615). The follow- 

 ing artificial analysis will facilitate the determination of our twenty-two established 



