TYRANNID^, FLYCATCHERS. GEN. lOl), 107. 171 



marginctl with chestnut ; the tail feathers tlie same or mostly chestnut ; wings 

 rounded, about as long as the nearly even tail ; feet black, bill blackish, usually 

 pale at the base below. Fig. 113«. 



Great Crested Flycatcher. Decidedly olivaceous above, a little browner 

 on the head, where the feathers have dark centres ; throat and fore breast 

 pure dark ash, rest of under parts bright yellow, the two colors meeting 

 abruptl}' ; primaries margined on both edges with chestnut : secondaries 

 and coverts edged and tipped with yellowish-white, tail with all the feathers 

 but the central pair chestnut on the whole of the inner web excepting per- 

 haps a very narrow space next the shaft ; outer web of outer feathers edged 

 with yellowish ; the middle feathers, outer webs of the rest, and wings except 

 as stated, dusky brown. Very young birds have rufous skirting of many 

 feathers, in addition to the chestnut above described, but this soon disap- o -y^^^^ 



pears. Large ; 8J-9J ; wing and tail about 4 ; bill | ; tarsus f . Eastern 



1 



United States, west to Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas and Texas, north to 'YJ^ 



Massachusetts ; Mexico and Central America in winter. An aljundant bird, 

 in woodland, of loud harsh voice and quarrelsome disposition, noted for its 

 habitual use of cast off snake skins in the structure of its nest. WiLS. ii, 

 75, pi. 13; NuTT., i, 271; Aud., i, 209, pi. 57; Bd., 178. . ckinitus. 



p^L^. 'b Ash-throated Flycatcher. Bather olivaceous-brown above, quite brown on 

 the head, the throat very pale ash, sometimes almost whitish, changing grad- 

 ually to very pale yellow or yellowish-white on the rest of the under parts ; 

 primaries edged as before, but secondaries and coverts edged with grayish- 

 white ; tail feathers as in the last, but the chestnut of the inner webs hardly 

 or not reaching the tip, being cut off from the end b}' invasion of the dusky. 

 In young birds, in which the quills and tail feathers are more extensively 

 rufous-edged, this last distinction does not hold. Southwestern U. S., 

 Mexico, common ; very near the last species, but apparently a different bird. 

 It is rather smaller, but with longer (f ) tarsi ; the bill obviously narrower, 

 only about as wide as high at the base ; but in Cape St. Lucas specimens 

 {M.jJertinaxBx)., Proc. Phila. Acad. 1859, 303 ; Coop., 318), again, the bill 

 is shaped as in crinitus, although smaller. Tyrannula cinerascens Lawr., 

 Ann. Lye. N. Y. 1851, 109 ; M. mexicanus Bd., 179 ; Coop., 316 (not of 

 Kaup, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851, 51) cinekascens. 



^ !-[ O Lawrence's Flycatcher. Very similar in color to crinitus, but much 

 smaller ; about 7 hnig, wing and tail about 3^ ; wing coverts and inner 

 quiJls as well as the primaries edged with rufous- (rarely yellowish on the 

 inner secondaries) ; no chestnut on tail feathers except a narrow borderin«' 

 on the outer webs, and, in the young, an inner 7nargining also; bill broad, 

 flattened. Texas (?), Mexico and Central America. Bd., 181. lawkenoei. 



107. Genus SAYOENIS Bonaparte. 



*jit* The three following species do not particularly resemble each other ; most 

 authors place them in separate genera, and even under different subfamilies. The 

 discrepancies of form, however, are not startling, and for the purposes of this work 



