78 BRITISH HEPATIC^. 



in Scotland and "Wales. Westmoreland (whence I have received a most interest- 

 ing series of specimens), G. Stabler, Esq. ' Moorlands of North and West York- 

 shire. Ilkley wells, fr. ! Bridge Rocks, S. Spruce ! Penzance, fine fruit, Feb. 1860, 

 W. Ciimow I 



It has also been found in Sweden and Finland, Dr. Lindberg ! Switzerland, 

 Asturia, and Teneriffe, Bourgeau ! 



Tufts extensive, compact, cushion-like, not easily separated, of 

 an olive-yellow or olive-brown colour, disposed in bands correspond- 

 ing with the annual innovations, well described by Lindberg, — 

 " flavo-ochracea vel ferruginea, vulgo zonata, inferne expallens, 

 superne flavidulo- vel ochraceo-viridula." 



Frimary shoots creepirig, naked, sub-ligneous, nearly black, 

 entangled, radiculose beneath, and producing at short intervals the 

 foliose shoots. 



In old dense tufts the stolons perish after a time from damp or 

 pressure, and only fragmentary portions remain. 



Stems rigid, erect, sparingly branched, flexuose, reddish-brown. 



Rootlets numerous, long, white, fasciculate, proceeding from the 

 bases of the leaves. 



Secondary shoots densely foliate, and of nearly equal diameter 

 throughout, 2" to 4" long, hj-^" to xa" broad, slender, but having 

 a crisped and secund appearance (especially on the inferior aspect), 

 from the recurvation of the larger lobes, decurved at the summit, 

 interrupted at intervals, showing the annual periods of growth, and 

 at such points producing innovations which take the direction of 

 the original axis, and are nearly parallel with each other. 



Leaves (f. 26, 6) of uniform size, bifariously patent, amplex- 

 icaul, approximate in the lower portion of the stem, closely imbri- 

 cated above, ^" to -^" in length, carinate, divided for one-third 

 or at most half their length into two lobes, which in the upper 

 leaves are nearly equal. 



Posterior lobe obliquely roundish-ovate to obovate, obtuse or 

 abruptly pointed, very convex, deflexed (f. 26, 8), the ventral margin 

 recurved and decurrent, regularly serrate-dentate, the terminal teeth 

 scarcely exceeding the rest. 



Lobule about half the size of the larger lobe, obliquely reniform, 

 apex rounded and obtuse, projecting beyond the stem, incumbent or 

 reflexed, distantly toothed, the apical teeth largest. 



In 3 the leaves are not so closely imbricated, and the lobes, 

 especially the anterior one, more acute (f, 26, 4), so as to approach 

 S. nemorosa in habit, but the leaves are of uniform size and simply 

 serrate, not accrescent and ciliate. 



The var. y is frequent on dry exposed (calcareous) rocks, and 

 in it the leaves are more irregular and crisped, the inferior lobe 

 strongly deflexed and standing at right angles with the stem, whilst 

 the lobule is erecto-patent or recurved in an opposite direction. 



