88 BRITISH HEPATIC^. 



or nearly so; margin entire, vmdulate, sub-dentate or distantly 

 spinose- dentate. 



Lobule much smaller {\ to \), adnate with, the lower lohe for 

 half or even two-thirds of its length, often gibbous at the sinus, 

 obliquely deltoid-ovate, sub-quadrate or cuneiform, acute, concave, 

 the base narrow, not crossing the stem, erecto-patent, reclinate, or 

 in the lower leaves occasionally reflexed, " nunquam vero caulem 

 tegens nee ei appressus." Margin entire or irregularly toothed. 



/3 spinulosa (f. 23, 5) approaches S. umbrosa in habit ; the leaves 

 are more crowded, pale yellowish-green, little altered when dry ; 

 lobes ovate, acute, spinose-dentate ; ventral more convex and 

 recurved, united with the dorsal lobe for half its length ; lobule 

 erecto-patent, obliquely orate, concave ; not cleft to near the base, 

 incumbent, and hiding the stem as in the following species. 



In y rosacea (f. 23, 4) the stems are creeping, the leaves are 

 narrowed at the base, elliptic-spathulate or broadly acinaciform, 

 obliquely pointed ; lower lobe slightly concave (not at all reflexed), 

 and the lobule wedge-shaped, adnate for two-thirds of the length 

 ~ of the ventral lobe, and ascejiding. The colour is red or purplish- 

 brown. 



Texture thin, semi-translucent, undulate when dry. 

 Colour very pale-green, stramineous, or in 7 of a tawny claret 

 tint ; lower leaves faded brown. 



Cells small, polygonal, with thickened walls ; contents granular, 

 pale-green. Marginal cells compressed, quadrangular, y^^".in 

 diameter ; near the centre of the leaf, oval, g^" by Tito" > basal 

 cells larger, oblong, ^-g-g" by -g^". Trigones inconspicuous. Epi- 

 dermic layer smooth. 



Inflorescence dioicous. 



Fertile shoots stouter and more ramose ; branches short, inno- 

 vant from one of the inyolucral bracts, so that the colesule is fre- 

 quently hidden, and (like the persistent perianths of former years) 

 appears lateral. Leaves more closely imbricated, accrescent ; lobule 

 ovate, relatively broader. 



Involueral bracts (f. 23, 2) somewhat larger, obovate-rotund, 

 niucronate ; lobule approaching the lower lobe in size, ovate, acute; 

 margins entire, undulate, sub-dentate, or in ^ spinulose. 



Colesule (f. 32, 2) about a line long, ovate to obovate, com- 

 pressed from a slender terete bgse, slightly contracted at the trun- 

 cate ciliate-dentate apex ; margins recurved, dorsal surface convex, 

 obscurely 3-4-plicate, the opposite surface being concave and tri- 

 plicate, with the central fold larger and more ventricose. 



Calyptra pyriform, delicately reticulate, crowned with a short 

 style, and bearing at the base a few barren pistillidia. 



(Clap&ule tirknown to me, but described as follows by Hiibener in Hepat. Germ., 

 p. 2i5 ; — "Der Fruchstiel d-6'" Jang, veihaltnissmassig stark, glebweiss. Die Xapsel 



