General Catarrhal Stomatitis .in Cattle. 13 



half to one ounce per day according to the size of the animal, 

 may be added, together with an antiseptic (carbolic acid, borax, 

 permanganate of potash, common salt, naphthol, creolin, hypo- 

 sulphite of soda). In case of severe swelling, a cap made to fit 

 the head with pads wet in alum and vinegar or other astringent 

 solution maintained against the intermaxillary space may be de- 

 sirable. Support for the tongue may be necessary as mentioned 

 under glossitis. 



In case of complications on the side of the bowels, liver or 

 kidneys, laxatives, diuretics and antiseptic agents may be called 

 for. 



GENERAL CATARRHAL STOMATITIS IN CATTLE. 



Dense resistant mucosa protective : Affection usually circumscribed. Ac- 

 tion of violent irritants, and toxins of specific fevers. Mechanical irritants. 

 Symptoms : Salivation ; congestion ; eruptions ; erosions ; ergot ; acrid vege- 

 tables ; caustics; Treatment: Astringents; antiseptics; refrigerants; de- 

 rivatives; tonics. Removal of foreign bodies. Lesions and symptoms in sheep. 



The mouth of the ox as Cadeac well says has a cuticular epi- 

 thelium too thick and resistant to be easily attacked by microbes. 

 It follows that infected inflammations are far more frequently cir- 

 cumscribed than in the thinner and softer buccal mucosa of the 

 horse. The more general buccal inflammations come more 

 particularly from the use of food that is too hot or that contains 

 strongly irritant agents. The thickness of the buccal epithelium 

 however, is no barrier to the local action of poisons operating 

 from within as in rinderpest, or aphthous fever, or in malignant 

 catarrh, nor is it an insuperable barrier to the local planting of the 

 germs of cow pox, anthrax, actinomycosis, or cryptogamic aphtha 

 (muguet). The wounds inflicted by fibrous food make infection 

 atria for such germs, hence the great liability to such local in- 

 flammations, in winter when the animals are on dry feeding. For 

 the same reason, perhaps, the prominent portions of the buccal 

 mucosa, — the papillae' — are sometimes irritated themselves while 

 serving as protectors for the general mucous surface, and hence 

 they become specially involved in inflammation, which constituted 

 the ' ' barbs ' ' of the old farriers. Utz records a buccal inflamma- 



