24 Veterinary Medicine. 



acids, and nourishing food given in the form of soft mashes, 

 pulped roots, or farinas, which will require little mastication, and 

 the antiseptic cleansing of the mouth after each meal are the 

 main features of the treatment. As antiseptics, vinegar is inimi- 

 cal to the microbes of the mouth, which affect alkaline media, 

 borax, boric acid, carbolic acid, sulphurous acid, the sulphites 

 and hyposulphites, permanganate of potash, chlorate of potash, 

 creolin and sulphate or chloride of iron furnish a sufficient 

 choice of comparatively non-toxic agents. Ulcers may be touched 

 with tincture of iodine, lunar caustic, or sulphate of copper. 



ULCERATIVE STOMATITIS (DIPHTHERIA) IN 

 CALVES. 



Accessory causes. Infection. Experimental inoculation. Bacillus, grows 

 on blood serum. Lesions in mouth, nose, air passages, intestines, digits. 

 Symptoms : difficult sucking, fever, swollen, whitish spots on buccal mu- 

 cosa, phagadenic sores, fetor, symptoms of extending disease, anorexia, 

 debility, prostration. Duration. Diagnosis from foot and mouth disease, 

 from actinomycosis, from tuberculosis. Prevention : cleanliness, antisep- 

 sis, segregation, diet of dam, sterilized milk. Treatment : antiseptic and 

 eliminating ; locally antiseptic. 



This has been observed at frequent intervals in calves, as a 

 serious, fatal, communicable disorder occurring in the first few 

 weeks of life. 



Causes. It has been attributed to unhygienic conditions of 

 the dams, close, damp, impure stables, unwholesome or spoiled 

 food, and privations of various kinds, and these, in all proba- 

 bility, increase the susceptibility. The congestion and traumat- 

 ism connected with the cutting of the teeth is another predis- 

 posing cause. The ultimate cause is, however, the contagious 

 element and the disease has been conveyed to healthy lambs by 

 the introduction into their mouths of the necrotic products from 

 the diseased subjects (Dammann). Sheep inoculated in the con- 

 junctiva presented violent conjunctivitis in forty-eight hours. 

 Inoculated rabbits died of septicaemia. Mice showed the same 

 symptoms as calves, while guinea pigs showed an abcess only 

 at the seat of inoculation (Loffler). 



