26 Veterinary Medicine. 



partly to the enforced abstinence and colliquative diarrhoea, but 

 much more to the absorption of toxic matters. Death may en- 

 sue from the sixth to the twelth day. In case of recovery a 

 month may be requisite for the completion of convalescence. 



Diagnosis. This has to be distinguished especially from 

 aphthous fever by the absence of the large, and clearly defined 

 vesicles of that disease, by the fact that the mammary region and 

 interdigital spaces usually escape, and especially by the immunity 

 of the dam and of other more mature animals. From actinomy- 

 cosis of the tongue it is diagnosed by its more rapid progress, by 

 the marked constitutional depression, and prostration, and by the 

 absence of the marked induration of the actinomycotic organ 

 (holzzunge) and by the sulphur yellow pin-head like nodules 

 of actinomyces. Tuberculosis is rare in the first weeks after 

 birth in calves, and never makes the rapid progress nor causes 

 the profound depression of this disorder. 



Prevention. The first object must be to destroy the infection, 

 and the second to obviate the susceptibility of the young animal. 

 The clearing away of all accumulations of litter, filth, and even 

 fodder from the stable proper, including the stalls where the dams 

 lie, should be followed by a thorough whitewashing or disinfec- 

 tion, with sulphate of copper or of iron, or even mercuric 

 chloride, ( i : 500) . If the disease has already appeared in a stable 

 the calves should be penned singly to avoid the possibility of in- 

 fection through sucking each others navels. In all cases an an- 

 tiseptic (tannin, carbolic acid, iodine) should be applied to the na- 

 vel of the new born. The food of the dam and nurse should be nu- 

 tritive and free from any suspicion of mustiness or decomposition, 

 and when possible the calf should be allowed to draw its own 

 milk from the teat. When this cannot be allowed, artificial feed- 

 ing should be surrounded by all the safeguards, named under 

 acute indigestion of calves. 



Treatment. Cadeac strongly recomends y? oz. common salt 

 daily with the food, or alcohol ^ oz,, or a strong infusion of 

 coffee mixed with the milk. Lenglen advises quinia in the form 

 of tincture, % to 1 oz. McGillivray sulphate of soda. Tincture 

 of chloride of iron 30 drops in an ounce of water with each meal 

 would be an excellent resort. 



Locally antiseptics are our 'main reliance. Naphthol, naphtha- 



