3o Veterinary Medicine. 



times their volume of water, or tincture of iron, chlorate of 

 potash, or chloride of ammonia, or borax have been given 

 successfully. Bitters and aromatics have also been strongly 

 recommended. 



ULCERATIVE STOMATITIS IN CARNIVORA. 



Causes : dietary causes ; constitutional debilitating diseases : dental dis- 

 orders ; microbian infection : microbes. Symptoms : difficult sucking or 

 mastication ; salivation ; dullness ; prostration ; mucosa red with gray 

 patches, erosions, and ulcers ; fcetor ; loose teeth ; excess of tartar. Ex- 

 tensions to face, throat, lymphatics, nose, eyes, stomach, liver, bowels. 

 Duration. Treatment: clean teeth ; antiseptics; mild caustics ; stimulants. 



Causes. This affection is more common in this class of animals 

 than in the herbivora, being apparently dependent in great part 

 on their artificial habits of life, the sweet and stimulating diet 

 and the derangement of the digestive organs. The lowering of 

 the general health in connection with privation or disease and 

 especially canine distemper, rachitism or indigestion must be 

 recognized as predisposing causes, while the accumulation of 

 tartar on the teeth, or the decay of the teeth themselves, consti- 

 tutes a potent exciting local cause. In connection with such cre- 

 taceous deposits the decomposing elements of the food collect, 

 and the irritant products of their fermentation lead to disease of 

 the gums, congestion and ulceration. Superadded to this is the 

 bacteridian infection of such diseased parts, through which the 

 ulceration is started, maintained and extended. This infection is 

 not that of a specific microbe, but usually of a multiplicity of 

 germs, one or more of the bacteria that live habitually in the 

 healthy mouth, taking the occasion of the existence of a wound, 

 or of a reduction of vitality to colonize the mucosa which would 

 otherwise have remained sound. The microbes actually found in 

 the ulcers are very varied. Pasteur isolated a spirillum, Fiocca 

 the bacillus salivarius septicus, others have found pus bacilli, 

 and in sucking kittens the bacillus coli communis. 



But the attempts made to convey the disease to healthy mouths 

 by the transfer of the microbes have usually failed (Pasteur, 

 Netter, Cadeac) . To establish their pathogenic action, therefore, 



