MYCOTIC STOMATITIS IN FOALS, CALVES AND 

 BIRDS, THRUSH. MUGUET. 



Oidium (saccharomyces) albicans; a parasite of the joung ; cultures ; 

 Symptoms in foals and calves ; congested buccal mucosa ; curd-like con- 

 cretions ; erosions Diagnosis from rinderpest. Treatment ; disinfection ; 

 sunshine ; open air ; exercise ; locally antiseptics. 



This is a form of stomatitis manifested by a raised white patch 

 on the mucous membrane and determined by the presence of the 

 oidium albicans (saccharomyces albicans), a cryptogam dis- 

 covered by Berg in 1842 in thrush in children. It is closely allied 

 to the mucor, and attacks only the young and feeble. The white 

 crust consists of epithelial cells intermingled with an abundance 

 of the white mycelium and oval spores of the fungus. Audry in 

 his artifical cultures found that it was pearly white when grown 

 on gelatine, dirty white on potato, and snow white on carrot. 



Foals and Calves. Symptoms. The buccal mucosa red, 

 congested and tender, shows here and there white curdy looking 

 elevations, or red erosions caused by the detachment of such 

 masses. These bear a strong resemblance to the concretions 

 seen on this mucosa in rinderpest, but are easily recognized by 

 the absence of the attendant fever, and by the discovery, under 

 the microscope, of the specific microphyte. The eruption may 

 extend to the pharynx and oesophagus and interfere fatally with 

 deglutition, but usually it merely renders sucking painful and is 

 not serious. 



Treatment. It is always well to destroy floating germs by 

 cleansing and whitewashing the stable, and to invigorate the 

 young animals by sunshine, free air and exercise. Locally the 

 most effective agent is the old favorite remedy borax, which ar- 

 rests the growth of the parasite whether in artificial cultures, or 

 in the mouth. The powder may be rubbed into the sores or it 

 may be mixed with honey or molasses and used as an electuary. 

 As substitutes boric acid, salol, thymol, chlorate of potash, or 

 permanganate of potash may be used. 



Birds. The affection has been twice observed as occurring in 

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