Catarrhal Pharyngitis. 51 



and bacilli which are normally present and harmless in the 

 mouth and pharynx, enter, colonize and irritate the debilitated 

 tissues in case of trauma, inflammation or constitutional disorder 

 and serve to perpetuate and aggravate the affection. 



Symptoms. Acute pharyngitis is manifested by impaired or 

 lost appetite, dullness, weakness, by difficulty in deglutition, by 

 the rejection through the nose of water or other liquids swal- 

 lowed, by swelling over the parotid and above the larynx, and 

 by a disposition to keep the head extended on the neck and the 

 nose raised and protruded. Fever is more or less marked ac- 

 cording to the severity of the attack the temperature being raised 

 in mild cases to 100°, and, in the more violent, to 104° or 106 . 

 The pulse and breathing may be excited, amounting sometimes 

 to dyspnoea, the throat is tender to the touch and its manipula- 

 tion rouses a cough, the nasal mucosa is congested and the buccal 

 membrane, and especially along the margin of the tongue may 

 be red and angry. Salivation is shown more or less, in solipeds 

 the saliva accumulating especially during mastication in froth 

 and bubbles at the commissures of the mouth, while in ruminants 

 the grinding of the teeth or frequent movement of the jaws in 

 the absence of food or actual mastication leads to a free escape of 

 the filmy liquid at the same points. Dogs will rub the jaws with 

 the foot as if to remove some irritating object from the mouth. 

 In the last named animals the swelling of the tonsils, fauces and 

 pharyngeal mucous membrane, may be seen marked by patches 

 and spots of varying redness and swelling, covered with glairy or 

 opaque muco-purulent secretions, or particles of food, or even 

 showing erosions. 



The cough of pharyngitis is painful, paroxysmal, and softer 

 and more gurgling (even in the early stages) than that of laryn- 

 gitis or bronchitis. It is roused by handling the throat, by swal- 

 lowing, by a draught of cold air or by passing out of doors, in 

 dogs by opening the mouth, and in cattle by pulling on the 

 tongue which causes pain and resistance. The cough is followed 

 by the rejection, mainly through the nose in solipeds, but also 

 through the mouth in other animals, of a glairy mucus or an 

 opaque muco-purulent discharge often mixed with and discolored 

 by the elements of food or in bad cases by blood. 



The course of the disease is comparatively rapid, and it usually 



