76 Veterinary Medicine. 



pilocarpin, wild cherry bark, or these may be combined with the 

 former. Finally a course of tonics are usually of the first im- 

 portance ; iron sulphate, copper sulphate, arsenious acid , arsenite 

 of strychnia may furnish examples. 



DEPRAVED APPETITE. STUMP SUCKING. PICA. 

 LICKING DISEASE. 



Common features of group. Ruminants ; depraved appetite ; objects 

 swallowed ; hair balls. Sheep eating wool in winter. Pigs eat bristles. 

 Puppies swallow marbles, etc., wantonly. Solipeds swallow hair, plaster, 

 earth, sand, and lick manger or rack. Fowls eat their feathers. Causes : 

 soil exhaustion, lack of lime, soda, potash, phosphorus ; relation to osteo 

 malacia ; granitic or sandy soils, peak, muck, causative ; digestive disorder ; 

 faulty food ; yearly breeding and heavy milking ; constant stabling ; dry 

 seasons. Course : chronic. Lesions, emaciation ; anaemia : serous exudate ; 

 catarrh of the bowels. Treatment : soil ; good fodder ; salts of soda, pot- 

 ash and lime, phosphates ; tonics ; apomorphia. Wool eating ; example ; 

 digestive disorders ; emaciation. Treatment : open air ; good fodder ; salts 

 of the bones and soft tissues ; clip nurses ; apomorphia. 



Definition. We have here a class of morbid habits, which 

 cannot be referred to any constant lesion or group of lesions, and 

 which appear in certain cases to result from example and to con- 

 stitute nothing more than a bad habit. 



Symptoms. Ruminants without any appreciable cause, lick the 

 clothes of their care-takers, chew and swallow articles of cloth- 

 ing of all kinds, bones, old shoes, gloves, socks, cuffs, collars, 

 small forks, pocket-knives, nails, wires, needles, coins, stones, 

 lumps of clay, hair, which may give rise to secondary troubles of 

 a more or less serious kind. Pregnant cows are especially subject 

 to this infirmity. The small pointed objects like pins, needles, 

 ends of wires, etc. , which are mostly taken by accident with the 

 food are especially apt to be entangled in the alveoli of the reticu- 

 lum and make their way to the heart, with fatal effect or through 

 the abdominal walls creating a fistula. Hair aggregates with 

 saliva, mucus and phosphates, to form balls in the first two or 

 three stomachs. Other indigestible objects may also become en- 

 crusted and prove sources of irritation. Licking the skin of another 



