148 Veterinary Medicine. 



found get another nurse. If fungi appear in the milk (inducing- 

 ropiness or not) withold the food or water from which they have 

 been probably derived and give bisulphite of soda (cow or mare 

 2 to 4 drs., ewe yi. dr. daily). When an animal of one genus has 

 to be brought up on the milk of another, let the milk be so modi- 

 fied by the addition of water, sugar, cream, etc. , as will approxi- 

 mate it somewhat to the normal food. The milk of the cow may 

 be given unchanged to lambs or kids, while for the foal it should be 

 diluted by adding f of boiled water, and sugar enough to render it 

 perceptibly sweet. Even more sugar is wanted for the young 

 ass. In place of simple water, barley water may be used, as this 

 not only loosens the coagulum formed in the stomach, but ren- 

 ders it especially open and permeable to the digestive fluids. 

 Another method of special value to puppies is to let the cow's 

 milk stand for several hours and then take only the upper half 

 containing most of the cream) for feeding. This must be 

 watched lest it should unduly relax the bowels. In all cases, 

 the milk artificially prepared should be given milk warm. To 

 retard the acid fermentation which is liable to occur early and 

 injuriously in adapted milk, the addition of an ounce of lime 

 water to each quart of milk is of great advantage. Pigs and 

 puppies can usually adapt themselves readily to the milk of the 

 cow. In all cases in which a young animal is raised by hand 

 and especially if on the milk of another species, it is desirable 

 to provide against sudden overloading of the stomach. The arti- 

 ficial rubber teat fixed in the feeding pail serves a good purpose 

 in this respect. Pasteurizing is admissible but boiling of the 

 milk is objectionable, as rendering the milk constipating and 

 thereby favoring irritation. In condensed milk this tendency is 

 largely reduced by reason of the excess of sugar and consequent 

 looseness of the clot, only care should be taken to dilute it suffi- 

 ciently with boiled water. 



Among the most important measures of precaution, is the 

 separation of the sick from the healthy, and to disinfect 

 thoroughlv the buildings in which the infected have been. 

 Straw, and when possible dung should be burned ; if not, they 

 should be buried together with the urine. The stalls should be 

 thoroughly cleansed and then saturated with mercuric chloride 

 (1 : 1000), or sulphuric acid (3 : 100), or a saturated solution of 



