CHRONIC GASTRIC CATARRH IN SOLIPEDS. 



Causes ; Debility, age, anaemia, leucaemia, lymph gland, kidney, heart 

 or lung disease, parasitism, dental or salivary disease, coarse, fibrous food, 

 spoiled food, putrid water, gastric neoplasms. Symptoms ; Impaired appe- 

 tite, eating lime or earth, weariness, costiveness, coated drug, tympanies, 

 diarrhaeas, fatigue, sweating, unthrifty hide, pallid mucosae, emaciation, 

 colics. Lesions ; Thickened right gastric mucosa, discoloration, mucus, 

 petechia;, opaque granular epithelium, gastric dilatation. Treatment : 

 Remove causes, diet, watering, exercise, sunshine, bismuth, pepsin, acids, 

 bitters, electricity, antiseptics, stomachics. 



Causes. These are in the main the causes which operate in 

 producing the acute affection. In most chronic cases they act 

 continuously on a system rendered susceptible by debility or 

 otherwise. Among predisposing causes may be named : The 

 debility of old age, anaemia, leucaemia, chronic' diseases of the 

 lymph glands, of the liver, kidney, heart, or lung, parasitic 

 diseases, diseases of the jaws, teeth, or salivary glands which 

 interfere with proper mastication and insalivation. Among ex- 

 citing causes may be named : A coarse, fibrous innutritious diet, 

 a too bulky diet, spoiled fodders of all kinds, putrid drinking 

 water, and stomach parasites (spiroptera, oestrus larva). Actual 

 disease of the stomach — papilloma, cancer, actinomycosis, tumors, 

 and oat-hair or other concretions are further causes. 



Symptoms. Impaired or capricious appetite, a disposition to 

 lick the walls or earth, or to drink impure water, yawning, con- 

 stipation with glossy mucus-covered faeces, and slight tympany, 

 alternating with diarrhoea, small, acelerated pulse, susceptibility 

 to perspiration and fatigue on slight exertion, unthrifty skin and 

 hair, hide-bound, dry, hot mouth, coated tongue, pallor of the 

 mucous membranes, loss of condition, and increasing weakness. 

 Slight colics may occur at intervals, and the sluggishness may 

 deepen into stupor or vertigo. 



Lesions. The right sac is usually the seat of more or less 

 hypertrophy of the mucosa, which is thickened, rugose, with 

 patches of dark red, gray and slate color, and covered with a 

 layer tof tenacious mucus. The surface may show warty-like 

 elevations, or papillary projections, with here and there patches 

 of blood extravasation. The epithelial cells are increased, opaque 

 and contain many fatty granules. 

 174 



