214 Veterinary Medicine. 



remains farther forward give a teaspoonful of castor oil. If 

 diarrhoea has already set in, give 5 drops laudanum, and mix 

 chalk or bismuth and pepper in a mush to be fed to the patient. 

 Injections of slippery elm containing a teaspoonful of carbolic 

 acid in the pint will prove useful. 



The bird should be allowed plenty of exercise, its grain being 

 fed on a floor covered lightly with straw to encourage scratching, 

 and silage or green food should be allowed. On the prairies, 

 where pebbles cannot be secured, imported gravel or vitrified 

 brick broken into small pieces should be allowed. 



COLIC IN SOUPEDS FROM VERMINOUS EMBOLISM. 

 INTESTINAL CONGESTION. 



Definition. Causes : presence of sclerostoma in arteries, form, habit, 

 nature, immature, biology, life in bowel, in submucosa, in arteries, outside 

 the mammal, pathogenesis, blood-sucking, verminous cysts, verminous 

 aneurisms, seats of latter, coagula, embolism, stagnation of blood, oedema, 

 and thickening of intestine, mesentery, fermentations, tympany, infective 

 inflammations, blood extravasations, infection of liver and spleen. Symp- 

 toms ; sudden attack, violent colics, reckless movements, frequent defeca- 

 tion followed by its arrest, palsy of peristaltic movement, of pain, prostra- 

 tion. Course : two to twenty four hours, death from indigestion, tympany, 

 obstruction, hemorrhage, poisoning, recovery, sequelae, laminitis, intestinal 

 catarrh or atony, debility. Treatment : aneurism worms beyond reach,, 

 treat lesions, venesection, anodynes, stimulants of peristalsis, antiseptics,, 

 compresses, sinapisms. Prevention : expel intestinal worms, exclude em- 

 bryos, tartar emetic, iron sulphate, arsenic, phenol, pure water, occasional 

 vermifuges. 



Definition. Congestion and spasms of the intestines in con- 

 nection with blocking (thrombus or embolism) of the mesenteric 

 arteries, and verminous aneurism. 



Causes. The essential cause is the migration of the sclerostoma 

 equinum (strongylus armatus, Rud. ) into the mesenteric arteries 

 in its agamous condition. It seems appropriate therefore to here 

 notice the life history of this parasite. 



The sclerostoma equinum (strongylus armatus) is one of 

 the common pin worms of the horse. It is distinguished by its 



