Colic in Solipeds from Verminous Embolism. 215 



dull gray or reddish brown body, thickest at the cephalic end and 

 tapering off toward the caudal, but ending in a blunt point ; by 

 the round, open mouth furnished with several firm chitinous 

 rings, of which the outer bears six short symmetrically arranged 

 papillae, an intermediate row of rounded blunt tooth-like pro- 

 jections and the innermost a row of fine, closely aggregated and 

 very sharply pointed teeth for penetration of the mucosa. Male 

 ^ to i>( inches long, with caudal membranous alae in two 

 lateral lobes, joined by a rudimentary central lobe : two delicate 

 spicula. Female ^ to 2 inches long, blunt pointed tail, vulva 

 in posterior half of the body. Eggs ovoid with slightly raised 

 ring around the centre : oviparous. 



Habitats. They are found in solipeds in two stages of ex- 

 istence, the mature worms in the caecum and colon, and the 

 immature in the same organs encapsuled in little pellets of 

 manure, and in cysts in the mucosa but also apart in the arterial 

 system especially in the anterior mesenteric artery and other 

 gastric or intestinal trunks. 



The mature sclerostomata are found attached to the mucosa 

 of the large intestine into which the head is sunk for the purpose 

 of sucking the blood, and they may be gray, brown or red ac- 

 cording to the quantity of blood which they have imbibed. The 

 author has found them in little hernial sacs of the mucosa hang- 

 ing from the peritoneal surface. 



The sexually immature sclerostomata are found in little 

 pill-like masses of ingesta in the large intestines and from which 

 they project part of the body through a narrow opening. 

 Another habitat is in cysts of the mucosa of the ceecum and 

 colon and less frequently of the small intestine, individual cysts 

 varying in size from a pin's head to a hazel nut, and containing 

 the young worm rolled upon itself, and varying in size but al- 

 ways less than the intestinal worm and always asexual. In 

 some cases the cyst is found empty but with a small opening 

 toward the lumen of the bowel showing the means of escape of 

 the parasite. A third habitat of the immature worm is in the 

 blood-vessels, especially the posterior aorta and its divisions, and 

 still more constantly the anterior and other mesenteric arteries. 



Biology. The ova of the sclerostoma are segmented in the 

 oviduct but are hatched out after they have been laid. The 



