230 Veterinary Medicine. 



special ones of the existing specific disease there is more or less 

 disturbance of the digestive organs, anorexia, vomiting, tense, 

 tender, perhaps tympanitic abdomen, irregularity of the bowels 

 and the passage of the false membranes. A morose disposition 

 and tendency to snap has been noticed by Roll. 



Lesions. The stomach is empty with red or dark mottled 

 mucosa, the intestinal mucosa is congested, covered with a layer 

 of muco-purulent exudate, and at intervals patches of false mem- 

 branes which are also found in shreds floating in the glairy con- 

 tents. The exudates are of a yellowish gray color, more or less 

 streaked with blood, and the mucosa infiltrated, swollen, highly 

 congested and with spots of extravasation of blood. 



Treatment. Small doses (1 to 2 drachms) of sulphate of soda 

 may be given by the mouth, or boric acid (1 scruple), salicylate 

 of soda (10 grains), salol (5 grains), or bismuth nitrate (J^ 

 drachm). Injections of boric acid, borax, sodium hyposulphite, 

 or even Glauber salts prove useful, and powdered nux vomica 

 (1 grain twice daily) may be added. 



In case of intestinal parasites vermifuges may be resorted to. 



PSEUDO-MEMBRANOUS (CROUPOUS) ENTERITIS 

 IN BIRDS. 



In pigeons : Aerobic, non-motile bacillus, in lesions, membrane and in- 

 ternal organs, pathogenesis, in chickens pathogenesis differs, also in man, 

 parts attacked, exudate, other symptoms, mortality early and late in out- 

 break, American form, pathogenesis to rabbits and Guinea pigs. Prevention : 

 Avoidance of infection, quarantine of birds, separation of sick, disinfection, 

 accidental bearers of infection, pigeons, buzzards, carrion crows, dogs, men, 

 cleanliness. Treatment : Locally antiseptics, phenol, boric acid, generally, 

 phenol. 



This has been especially seen in pigeons in which it has been 

 studied by L,6ffler, Cornil and Megnin, and Babes and Puscarin. 

 Loffler found an aerobic, non-motile, non-liquefying bacillus in the 

 false membranes, inflamed tissues, liver, lungs and blood, even in 

 the leucocytes. It formed irregular masses, and grew in nutrient 

 gelatine, blood serum and potato. It proved pathogenic to 



