232 Veterinary Medicine. 



Prevention. The first consideration is the seclusion of flocks 

 from outside animals in affected localities. Newly purchased 

 birds or those returning from a poultry show should be placed 

 in strict quarantine for a few weeks until the absence of infection 

 shall have been demonstrated. Different flocks should not be 

 allowed to mingle, nor the members of a healthy flock to wander 

 where the manure of another flock has been laid. Birds having 

 diarrhoea, or any discharge from eyes, nose or beak, or any false 

 membrane on such parts should be excluded from the flock, and 

 the house and yard disinfected. It should not be forgotten that 

 rabbits, guinea pigs and mice may be bearers of the infection, 

 and that it may be introduced on the feet of dogs or their masters. 

 Pigeons, buzzards, and carrion crows are especially dangerous as 

 possible bearers of the infection. Cleanliness as regards food 

 and water, buildings and yards is of vital importance. 



Treatment. The sick birds should be strictly secluded and 

 handled by a special attendant. When the lesions appear on 

 visible mucosae they should be painted several times a day with 

 a 5 per cent, solution of phenol, or a saturated solution of boric 

 acid, or salicylic acid, potassium permanganate, iodine, or some 

 other germicide may be used. For the bowel affection one 

 or two drops phenol in water may be given daily, and the drink- 

 ing water should be slightly charged with the same. Cleanliness, 

 pure air, warmth, dryness and sloppy food are all important. 



ACUTE CATARRHAL ENTERITIS IN SOUPEDS. 



Definition. Causes : Irritants swallowed, debility, improper, insufficient 

 food, congestions, parasitisms, impaired innervation or circulation, iced 

 water, chills, perspirations, fatigue, hot, damp weather, over-feeding, 

 cryptogams, bacteria, newly harvested fodder, septic, or fermented food, 

 leafy fodder, toxins, stagnant, septic water, lack of pepsin, muriatic acid 

 and bile, diseased teeth or jaws or salivary glands. Lesions ■ Gastritis, 

 congestion of small intestine and colon, in striae, thickening, ecchymosis, 

 ulceration, necrosis, excess of mucus with pus, villi, follicles and glands 

 swollen. Symptoms : Fever, high colored urine, costiveness, coated tongue, 

 red eyes, inappetence, sluggishness, emaciation, weakness, unthriftiness, 

 colics, rumbling, diarrhoea ; or more fever, suffering, anorexia, icterus, 

 hurried breathing, pleuritic ridge, arched back, tender abdomen, rumbling, 



