Acute Catarrhal Enteritis in Cattle. 239 



Treatment. Dietetic care is the first essential. Boiled oats, 

 barley, rye or bran, in small amount and flaxseed tea may indi- 

 cate the kind. These should be given in small amount often, 

 and at regular intervals. 



A failing appetite may be stimulated by nux vomica ( 10 grains) 

 twice daily, or by gentian or other bitter, along with common 

 salt and aromatics. 



Constipation may be combated by fresh green food in small 

 quantities, or by an ounce each of Glauber salt and common salt 

 given every morning before feeding, in a drink of water (half to 

 a bucket, if possible), and 10 to 20 grains of nux vomica may 

 be advantageously added. Soapy injections with salt or glycerine 

 may also be given. 



Diarrhoea may be moderated or checked by nitrate of bismuth 

 (2 drachms), with laudanum (1 ounce), repeated as may be de- 

 manded. A combination of calomel and chalk (1:12) will often 

 serve a good purpose in drachm doses several times a day. For 

 persistent diarrhoea Cadeac recommends the following : Iron 

 carbonate 4 drachms, lime water 10 ounces, alum 1 drachm, pow- 

 dered oak bark 1 ounce, given in water and farina. 



Sepsis and fermentation must be combated by the same means 

 as in the acute type, and the same counter-irritants may be re- 

 sorted to. A life in the open air or sunshine, but without undue 

 exertion is of great importance. 



ACUTE CATARRHAL ENTERITIS IN CATTLE. 



Causes : atony, debility, starvation, overfeeding, innutritions food, close, 

 foul buildings, ill health, over- exertion, hot weather, sudden changes, chills, 

 privation of water, irritants, spoiled and newly harvested grain, foul water, 

 parasitism, chest diseases, thrombosis. Lesions : in small intestine mainly, 

 tympany, congestion, thickened mucosa, epithelial degeneration, des- 

 quamation, enlarged villi, follicles and glands, erosions, ulcers, perfora- 

 tions. Symptoms : solid masses in rumen, impaired rumination and appe- 

 tite, rumbling, tenderness, costiveness, fever, arched back, tender, tucked 

 up abdomen, colics, in severe cases, agalactia, tremors, rigors, drooping 

 head, ears, eyelids, tender abdomen, straining, expulsion of mucus, foul 

 eructations, later diarrhoea, critical or exhausting. Death from tympany, 



