Catarrhal Enteritis in Swine. 251 



Treatment in the early stages with inactive bowels, must be 

 laxative and antiseptic, sodic sulphate 4 ounces with 1 drachm 

 chloral hydrate in a quart of warm water will serve largely 

 to expel offensive ingesta and bacterial ferments and pave the 

 way for recovery. A counter-irritant of aqua ammonia to the 

 abdomen, under the wool, will have a good effect, and soapy or 

 mucilaginous and antiseptic injections are desirable. 



If the bowels are already acting freely, ^ drachm each of 

 boracic acid and nitrate of bismuth may be given at least thrice 

 daily, with the addition of 60 drops of laudanum, and antiseptics 

 (salol, naphthol, naphthaline). Carminatives like chamomile, 

 anise, cardamons, peppermint, may be added, and bitters such as 

 quinia or nux vomica. 



Well boiled gruels of barley, oats, linseed, or rye should be 

 given and little or no solid food until appetite and digestion have 

 been restored. 



CATARRHAL ENTERITIS IN SWINE. 



Causes : decomposing swill, ferments from snout and feet in swill, toxins, 

 salt, brine, powdered soaps, etc. Symptoms : dullness, inappetence, fever, 

 burrowing under litter, stiffness, drooping head, ears and tail, arched back, 

 tender abdomen, constipation, diarrhoea, petechiae, rumbling, tympany, 

 weakness, emaciation, paraplegia, not actively infectious. Duration : one 

 to eight days or more. Lesions : mucopurulent exudation in alimentary 

 canal, congestion, extravasation, hemorrhages, ulcerations, congestion of 

 peritoneum, mesenteric glands and other organs. Diagnosis : presence of 

 alimentary causes, many attacked at once, no spread to better kept herds, 

 no germ fatal to guinea pigs nor rabbits. Treatment : eliminate, oil, cal- 

 omel, flaxseed, gruels, enemata, antiseptics, revulsives, diet during conval- 

 escence, antidotes. 



Causes. The enteritis of swine has been long considered as 

 infective or septic, yet this is perhaps mainly due to the nature of 

 the food too often furnished to this animal in a state of domestica- 

 tion. Not only is he fed on swill containing all kinds of over-kept 

 food, in a state of more or less advanced decomposition, but he is 

 kept in a pen or yard which soon becomes offensive, and follow- 

 ing his natural instincts he roots around with his nose in the 



