272 Veterinary Medicine. 



The same liquids by the rectum. Bland oils may be given as 

 emollients and eliminating agents. Cold to the head is usually 

 desirable. 



POISONING BY BRINE. 



This is partly due to the toxic effects of common salt but also 

 to the ptomaines and toxins formed in old brine. It has been 

 seen most frequently in hogs fed on salted kitchen waste and on 

 the liquids from salt meats, beef, pork, fish). Herring-brine is a 

 common source of poisoning for hogs and dogs, also the brine 

 from the salted meats of the butchers' shops. Reynal found 

 it to be especially poisonous when at least four or five months 

 old. He gave as the fatal doses for horse 2>% pints, for pig y 2 

 pint, for dog 6-7 ozs. The lethal dose, however, will vary with 

 the concentration of the fluid and its age. 



Symptoms. In addition to the direct irritation caused by the 

 sodium chloride there are marked nervous symptoms, nervous 

 irritability, spasms, rolling of the eyes, convulsive winking, 

 dilated pupil, blindness, vertigo, staggering gait, epileptiform 

 seizures, trismus, oposthotonos, pleurosthotonos, stupor. 



Lesions. In addition to those of the stomach and intestines 

 there is marked congestion of the encephalon, especially the 

 medulla and cerebellum. 



Treatment. In addition to that for common salt, anodynes and 

 stimulants (wine, camphor) may be demanded. 



NITRATES OF POTASH AND SODA. 



Lethal dose. Symptoms : Colics, tympany, emesis, salivation, pupillary- 

 dilatation, diarrhoea, diuresis, hyperthermia, stupor, palpitations, trembling, 

 spasms, palsy. Lesions : Congested gastro-intestinal mucosae, erosions, 

 ecchymosis, congested kidney and bladder. Blood fluid, bright red. Treat- 

 ment : Emesis, stomach pump, water and mucilaginous liquids, stimulants. 



Nitrate of soda being used largely as a top dressing for grass 

 and other crops is more liable to be taken in toxic doses than 



