274 Veterinary Medicine. 



sources of acute arsenical poisoning. Horses die from 140 grains 

 in solution, or 3^ drs. in the solid form, cattle from 3^ to 7 drs., 

 sheep are killed by 2 drs., dogs may die from 2 grs., but larger 

 doses usually cause vomiting and the animal is saved. Hogs 

 may die from 15 grs. but they often save themselves by vomiting 

 with much larger doses. The poisonous effects may be induced 

 by putting arsenic on a raw sore. 



Symptoms. Violent colic, quick, feeble, irregular pulse, hur- 

 ried respiration, emesis in vomiting animals, ardent thirst, purg- 

 ing, tenesmus, lowered or unevenly distributed temperature, red 

 eyes, dilated pupils, and nervous symptoms, weakness, trembling, 

 stupor, convulsions and paralysis. The urine is albuminous and 

 may be bloodstained. In case of Paris green, the green color of 

 the vomit, and of arsenious acid, a yellow color may be looked 

 for. Test urine for arsenic. 



Lesions. Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine, 

 with ropy, often bloody mucus. Ecchymosis, and extravasations 

 appear in the stomach. Ulceration is not common in very acute 

 cases, but in protracted cases, it is usually present in the stomach 

 (abomasum in cattle). Petechise may be met with in different 

 internal organs and in protracted cases, fatty degeneration of 

 liver, heart or kidney. 



Treatment. In vomiting animals encourage emesis by tepid 

 water, tickling the fauces or giving ipecacuan. For non-vomit- 

 ing animals the stomach pump may be tried. The available 

 antidotes are hydrated oxide of iron, or a solution of calcined 

 magnesia. To make the first, mix 100 parts sulphate of iron in 

 solution with 250 parts magnesia in solution. This should be 

 given liberally and often : horse or ox 1 qt., sheep or pig 2 ozs., 

 dog 1 oz. A simple aqueous solution of calcined magnesia also 

 forms with arsenic an insoluble combination. 



