Poisoning by Zinc. 281 



Sulphate of copper 1 ounce has proved fatal to the horse. 

 In dilute solution or with mucilaginous liquids it is much less 

 injurious. Ten grains to 2 drachms subcutem have killed the 

 dog. (Tabourin.) 



Symptoms. Dullness, colics, emesis of blue or greenish mat- 

 ter in vomiting animals, diarrhoea, tenesmus, weakness, trembling, 

 spasms, trismus, paralysis, small, weak pulse, hurried breathing. 

 In experimental chronic poisoning in the sheep, albuminuria, 

 icterus, hsemaglobinuria, hsematuria, impaired appetite and rumin- 

 ation, constipation followed by diarrhoea, great emaciation and 

 weakness and finally convulsions. ( Ellenberger and Hof meister ) . 



Lesions. Redness and softening of the alimentary mucosa, 

 ulceration, sloughing, perforation. In the chronic forms methe- 

 globinsemia, free haematin as crystals in liver, spleen and kidney, 

 nephritic extravasation, fatty degeneration of the liver, enlarged 

 spleen, and catarrhal changes in the intestinal mucosa. Polished 

 iron placed in the gastric or intestinal contents becomes coated 

 with copper. 



Treatment. White of egg, milk, mucilage, iron filings, sul- 

 phur, calcined magnesia, laxatives. Opium may be required to 

 calm suffering, but acids must be carefully avoided. 



POISONING BY ZINC. 



Sulphate and chloride poisonous, less potent oxide and carbonate. Symp- 

 toms : colics, emesis, congested alimentary mucosa, diarrhoea, cramps, 

 weakness, paresis, anaemia, emaciation. Lesions : white, leathery, slough- 

 ing or ulcerated alimentary mucosa, strictures. Treatment : emesis, demul- 

 cents, tannic acid, sodium carbonate. 



The sulphate and chloride are the most likely to be taken in 

 •dangerous amount, the former being mistaken for Glauber salts. 

 Three ounces of sulphate intravenously in the horse has proved 

 fatal, or 10 to 50 grains in the dog. In the vicinity of zinc ore 

 furnaces the agent is taken in on the fodder as oxide or carbonate. 



Symptoms. There is much abdominal pain, emesis in vomit- 



