296 Veterinary Medicine. 



albuminous urine, retraction of the testicles, ' prostration, per- 

 spiration, paresis and death. 



Lesions. Active gastro-intestinal congestion with ecchymosis, 

 marked congestion of the genito-urinary mucosa especially that 

 of the bladder. 



Treatment. Emesis with ipecacuan and tepid water, followed 

 by abundant mucilaginous or albuminous liquids. Flaxseed tea, 

 gum arabic, and white of egg are useful. Avoid oils, alcohol 

 and chloroform which dissolve the cantharides. 



Among other insects which act as vesicants may be named the 

 cockroach (blatta orientalis) and the potato beetle (cantharis 

 vitatta), also the cantharis cinerea, cantharis marginata, cantharis 

 atrata, and cantharis nuttalli. The larvae of various lepidoptera, 

 thus army worm, Cnethocampa primivora, Cnethocampa 

 processionea, liparis auriflua, lithosia crinola, and the larvae 

 of the artica cassus ligniperda, and pieris brassica are 

 covered with stinging hairs charged with formic acid and perhaps 

 an enzyme, which are shed with the skin in passing into the state 

 of chrysalis, and getting mixed with fodders produce violent 

 stomatitis, hemorrhagic gastro-enteritis and nephritis. 



POISONING BY FUNGI, BACTERIA AND THEIR 

 PRODUCTS IN FOOD. 



Poisons in spoiled food. Moulds, rust, smut, bacteria, toxins. Action of 

 moulds on rabbits, on alimentary and nervous systems. Smuts, ergots and 

 their congeners. Tetanizing and paralyzing products. Duration of symp- 

 toms. 



Food is usually spoiled by the growth of moulds, rust, smut, 

 bacteria and the toxins which they produce. 



Kaufman has experimented with moulds on rabbits. He found 

 that aspergillus glaucus (green mould) grown on bread pro- 

 duces a fatal infection in the rabbit even in very minute doses 

 (■jfr milligramme) ; that it will attain this in a neutral or even 

 slightly acid medium as well as in an alkaline one ; and that the 

 spores retain this pathogenic activity for six months at ordinary 

 temperatures. The aspergillus glaucus, penicillum glaucum, and 

 mucor mucedo affect the intestinal organs only, while ascophora 



