298 Veterinary Medicine. 



junctiva, fever, tympany, colic, constipation, dung small, round, coated 

 masses, vertigo, sometimes fatal diarrhoea, or colliquative diuresis ; verti- 

 ginous: fever, anorexia, yellow mucosae tardy breathing, costiveness. colics, 

 stupor, somnolence, giddiness, heavy steps, stumbling, delirium, push head 

 against wall, clinch jaws, grind teeth, make walking or trotting or plunging 

 motions, or pull on halter and fall, amaurosis, paralysis, coma. Remissions. 

 Death in one day or upward. Resumption of functions and recovery. 

 Diagnosis : from meningoencephalitis. Lesions : gastro intestinal congestion, 

 infiltration, ecchymosis, fermenting ingesta, congestion of mesenteric glands, 

 liver, brain and meninges. Leucin and tyrosin in urine. Treatment : stomach 

 pump, autiferments, potassium iodide, purgatives, enemata ; for brain, bleed- 

 ing, sedatives, ice, snow, elevation, derivatives, prevent mechanical injury. 



The most prominent features of cryptogamic poisoning in these 

 animals are asthenia and vertigo. In dealing with such poison- 

 ing, however, we must bear in mind that we have in hand, not 

 one particular disease but a group, differing among themselves 

 according to the cryptogam and its products which may be 

 present : — a group moreover which overlaps more or less the true 

 zymotic diseases. 



Causes. Oats, barley and other grain or fodder which has been 

 put up damp, and especially ground feed, becomes speedily over- 

 grown and permeated with moulds, especially penicillium. 

 glaucum, aspergillus flavus and glaucus, mucor racemosus, 

 and ascophora mucedo which give a bluish or greenish color 

 and heavy odor, rob it of its nutritive constituents and charge it 

 with toxic products. On mouldy hay it is common to find 

 aspergillus candidus, botrytis grisea, torula herbariorum, 

 and eurotium herbarium which form a greenish white or 

 brownish dust. The spceria herbarium is characterized by 

 small black or brown spots with yellowish, brown or black spores. 

 The peronspora trifolium attacks growing clover (clover sick- 

 ness) and isaria fuciformis the fescue grasses. The latter has 

 a red color and mucous consistency and is charged with produc- 

 ing fatal poisoning in cattle. 



Mouldy or musty oats, or other grain or fodder have long 

 been notorious for producing diuresis in horses with excessive 

 elimination of phosphates, extreme emaciation, weakness and 

 death. In other seasons, and probably because of a difference 

 in the fungi or their products they have caused widespread en- 

 zootics of indigestion with paresis of stomach and bowels, and of 



