Ciyptogamic Poisoning in Solipeds. 299 



the systemic muscles. Paraplegia is a common manifestation, 

 suggesting lesions of the spinal cord, and in other cases there are 

 general paresis, somnolence and delirum suggesting cerebral 

 lesions, (Staggers). 



Gillespie records an enzootic of gastro-intestinal indigestion 

 and tympany among the horses of a battery of artillery in Af- 

 ghanistan from eating mouldy grass. Frohner, Martin and Var- 

 nell have seen cases of poisoning by moulds without digestive, 

 urinary or febrile troubles. 



Of rusts growing on grain crops there are two chief varieties ; 

 the spring rust {uredo rubigo vera) which commences as light 

 yellow patches on the leaves and stems, which change to black as 

 the fungus approaches maturity ; and the summer rust {uredo 

 linearis) which grows to a larger size and assumes a browner 

 color. Each of these passes through an evolutionary cycle, the 

 small preliminary patches (uredo) passing into the mature fun- 

 gus (puccinia rubigo vera and puccinia graminis.) Then it 

 must pass through an alternate generation on another, family of 

 plants before it can again grow on the graminese. 



Bunt produced by the tilletia caries attacks the grasses and 

 small grains. The growing seed (wheat especially) is changed 

 into a black or olive colored powder, having a fishy odor. If the 

 stems are attacked the leaves become pale, withered and dry. It 

 can only be detected by carefully examining the individual seeds. 



Other forms of smut are the ustilago carbo and ustilago 

 maidis the familiar black smuts of small grains and maize. These 

 develop by preference in the growing seeds, but also in the, stem 

 and leaves. The tilletia caries is as a rule more poisonous than 

 the ustilago the effects being mainly hyperthermia and paralysis. 

 There is, however, a tendency to spasmodic contractions, and 

 abortions, and dry gangrene will occur from smut. The author 

 has seen a large herd of cattle attacked with gangrenous sores 

 around the coronet, which were promptly stopped when the light, 

 smutty ears of corn were no longer given. In other cases the 

 hoof was in part separated from the quick and creaked when the 

 animal walked. 



In connection with the gangrenous ergotism of cattle, the 

 author has found on the same farms and feed, horses 'with ulcers 

 on the buccal mucosa and gastro-intestinal indigestion. Ergot 



