Catarrhal Icterus {Jaundice) in Dogs. 481 



tance brown, friable, and with numerous areas of necrosis of a 

 bluish white color, and even abscesses. The medullary substance 

 is yellow and the uriniferous tubes contain an abundance of yel- 

 lowish brown granules. 



The lungs have a yellowish red color, with patches of ecchy- 

 mosis. 



The lymph glands generally are congested and many of them 

 gorged with blood, of a dark red color, and lacking in consistency 

 and cohesion. 



Diagnosis. The characteristic icterus is lacking in the early 

 stages, and active treatment gives good hope of success. When 

 indigestion, persistent vomiting and tenderness of the epigastrium, 

 and right hypochondrium, are associated with diarrhoea, it is 

 highly important to examine the urine for even slight traces of 

 bile. When the jaundice is due to impaction of a biliary calcu- 

 lus, the symptoms may increase slowly, and yet reach a sudden 

 climax with acute colicy pains and tenderness of the right hypo- 

 chondrium. 



Prognosis. In acute rapidly developing cases a fatal issue is 

 to be expected. In those which develop more slowly, recovery 

 may be hoped for if early treatment is instituted. 



Treatment. Cases due to biliary calculus must be treated for 

 that lesion. 



In purely infective icterus attempts must be made to arrest the 

 intestinal and hepatic fermentation. As intestinal antiseptics, 

 napthhol, benzo-naphthol, naphthaline, 5 grains four to six times 

 a day. As hepatic antiseptics, salol 5 grains, salicylate of soda 

 8 grains, or calomel 1 grain four times a day. The salol and 

 salicylate tend to increase biliary secretion and to render it more 

 fluid. The same end is attained by alkalies (carbonates of po- 

 tassa, or soda or lithia, bitartrate of soda, iodide of potassium). 

 These are further valuable in hastening the elimination of toxic 

 matters by the kidneys. The expulsion of bile, and of intestinal 

 microbes and toxins may be sought by laxative doses of Glauber 

 salts, or by cold enemas of the same. Verheyen recommends 

 aloes in laxative doses for six days. Siedamgrotzky had good 

 results from induction currents of electricity, sent through the 

 region of the liver twice a day for ten minutes on each occasion. 

 3i 



