496 Veterinary Medicine. 



In all cases alike the history of the attack will help towards a 

 satisfactory diagnosis. 



Prevention. A rational hygiene embracing daily work or 

 exercise, moderate laxative diet, green food in its season, and 

 pure cool air are important precautions. 



Treatment. A moderate supply of green or laxative food, the 

 withholding for the time of grain, and especially of maize, wheat 

 or buckwheat, saline laxatives daily, and a stimulating embroca- 

 tion or blister to the tender hypochondrium are the most import- 

 ant measures. Exercise in a box stall, or still better in a yard or 

 paddock in the intervals between more systematic work forms an 

 important adjunct to medicine. As a laxative sulphate of soda 

 is to be preferred at first in a full cathartic dose and later in a 

 daily amount sufficient to relax the bowels. Given in a bucket 

 of water every morning before the first meal a very small dose 

 will be effective. 



CONGESTION OF THE UVER IN THE DOG. 



Active congestion is very rare excepting in over-fed and in- 

 dolent family pets. Passive congestion induced by diseases of 

 the lungs and heart is however far from uncommon. 



Lesions. True to their origin these usually appear as the 

 spotted nutmeg liver with the deep congestion in the centre of 

 the acini. For the same reason the fibroid degenerations shown 

 in chronic cases, show the firm fibroid neoplasm chiefly around 

 the hepatic veins. Granular, fatty and pigmentary degeneration 

 of the cells are found as in the solipeds. 



Symptoms. These are as obscure as in the horse. There is 

 always a history of a sluggish, gormandizing life, and in the 

 early stages, a manifestation of embonpoint which suggests a 

 torpid liver. Further suggestions may also be obtained from 

 coexisting diseases of the lungs, or heart, from gastro-intestinal 

 catarrh, from piles, or ascites. Then there is at times a slight 

 icterus of the conjunctiva and urine. Finally tenderness on per- 

 cussion on the right hypochondrium, decubitus on the left side, 

 and an increased area of dullness on percussion may afford useful 

 hints for diagnosis. 



