524 Veterinary Medicine. 



neys characterizes the worst cases. There was serous effusion, 

 and a dropsical condition of the intestinal walls and abdominal 

 lymph glands. The kidneys were often greatly congested and 

 the urine had a blackish-red color. 



In the Montana disease, the following additional points are 

 noted : The majority of the victims were ewes, recently lambed ; 

 the carcases showed marked emaciation, and the blood count was 

 reduced from 13,000,000 to 9,000,000, or in extreme cases 1,000,- 

 000 red globules per cmm. The white cells were increased from 

 7,000 to 28,000 per cmm. 



Symptoms in horses. There is a weak, uncertain, staggering 

 gait, a disposition to stamp with the hind feet, dullness, drowsi- 

 ness, muscular twitching, of the hind limbs especially, amaurosis, 

 icteric mucosae, clammy mouth, depraved appetite, a disposition 

 to eat leaves, stable-soiled straw, weeds, etc., torpid bowels, rest- 

 ing the head on the manger, resting the quarter on the partition 

 of the stall, delirium shown by quiet movement in one direction 

 regardless of obstacles, or violent plunging into the manger or 

 elsewhere, and falling followed by spasms, unconsciousness or 

 coma and death. The very dark color of the urine is. a promi- 

 nent symptom. At first, appetite may persist, and be gratified to 

 the dangerous overloading of the stomach and indigestion. The 

 intestinal paresis is shown in the need of double doses of purga- 

 tives to move the bowels. In other cases he takes a mouthful 

 and then doses off with the unchewed morsel in the mouth. 



Lesions in the horse agree in the main with those of cattle. The 

 liver is cirrhotic to a marked degree, the capsule thickened and 

 firmly bound down by bands passing into the interlobular tissue, 

 which in its turn is thickened so as to compress the acini and 

 cause degeneration and disappearance of the hepatic cells. On 

 section it proved firm, resistant, almost gritty, and showed dark 

 spots and mottling. There was less disposition to effusion than 

 in ox or sheep, though a little liquid might be present in peri- 

 cardium or peritoneum. The kidneys showed marked conges- 

 tion, and the urine was dark, thick and viscous. 



Treatment. Gilruth found that when the disease is in its in- 

 cipiency it may be treated like other forms of stomach staggers. 

 Keep the patient in doors, feed wholesome food, give purgatives 

 in double doses (horse, aloes 1 J^ to 2 oz. ; ox, Epsom or Glauber 



