174 THE GOBY FAMILY. 



Two pigment-specks occur near the middle line in front of the 

 ej'BS; four symmetrically placed over the rnid-brain, with 

 several chromatophores in the middle line behind, the only 

 others being a few at the base of the pectorals ventrally, and 

 along the ventral margin in the posterior third of the body. 



Another example, only 4'5 mm. long, in spirit, was got on 

 the 16th of the same month, but it differed very little in 

 structure from the foregoing, for the pectorals had true rays 

 and deep black pigment, the caudal had embryonic rays, and 

 sharp teeth were present. 



In all probability these are the post-larval stages of males 

 of Cry stall ogohi us nilssonii, which, at that date, had only 

 once been found in Scotland, viz. by Mr Edward, in a rock- 

 pool at Banff. The very early stage at which the special 

 sexual characters occur in this species is interesting, yet 

 Dr Day considered that in the young males the head is more 

 pointed, indeed, almost as in the females — in which the jaws 

 are short, straight, and toothless. It is clear that such a 

 statement requires amendment, especially the supposition 

 that the teeth ('canines') are only developed as maturity 

 is reached. It is possible, however, that the young of both 

 sexes may have male secondary characters. In the small 

 example from St Andrews it was the presence of these 

 characteristic teeth and the shape of the mandible that 

 attracted attention, and yet the larval marginal fin was still 

 present. The description just given may be supplemented by 

 the remark that in the adult male the pectoral fins are remark- 

 able for their " broad (multiradiate) and somewhat lobate form, 

 with their semicircular muscular root, and elongated, roundish 

 shape. When expanded the pectoral fins are as deep as the 

 body." The remarkable coloration of these fins in the post- 

 larval stage is an addition to the series in developing Teleo- 

 steans. Since the first specimen was captured Mr Cunningham 

 has procured many adults of both sexes near the Eddystone 

 Lighthouse, while Mr Holt has been equally successful off the 

 West coast of Ireland, and on the East coast of England. It 

 appears to be generally distributed round British shores, though 

 the adults have not yet been secured here. It is sometimes 



