12 British Uredinee and Ustilaginee. 
glass. These footmarks were found, upon microscopic 
examination, to contain the spermatia of the Endophyllum, 
Further investigation of the subject led him to the con- 
clusion that this sugary matter in the spermogonial 
contents acts as a bait to attract insects, and he has 
observed some 135 species, of which 31 were Coleoptera, 
32 Hymenoptera, 64 Diptera, and 8 Hemiptera, thus visiting 
various spermogonia. The examination of the. spermo- 
gonia of Uromyces pist, Puccinia suaveolens, fusca, trago- 
pogonis, pimpinelle, Endophyllum euphorbia, Gymnosporan- 
gium sabing, and G. juniperinum, gave rise to copious 
deposits of suboxide of copper, when the washings of the 
affected leaves in distilled water were treated with Fehling’s 
solution ; less was obtained from Uvomyces dactylidis, Puccinia 
graminis, covonata, rubigo-vera, sylvatica, viole, Gymnospo- 
vangium clavariaforme, and Atcidium magelhenicum, and 
least of all with Puccinia poarum and A&cidium clematidis. 
Some of the spermogonial contents actually taste sweet 
when the tongue is applied to them, as those of G. sabine 
and juniperinum. The spermogonial contents of G. sabine 
were further found to contain dextrose and levulose, the 
latter predominating. 
Insects are not only attracted to the spermogonia 
by their saccharine contents, but also by the powerful 
odours which many of them possess. Persoon* long ago 
noticed the penetrating odour of the spermogonia of 
Puccinia suaveolens, which precede its uredospores; 
hence he called the Uredo, suaveolens. In a paper upon 
“Mimicry in Fungi,” ¢ I pointed out the probability of this. 
odour being for the purpose of attracting insect visitors, 
mimicking as it does the perfume of the flowers of Anothera 
biennis. Sowerby had already observed the fact that flies 
* Persoon, ‘‘ Synopsis Fungorum,” p, 221. 
+ Plowright, ‘‘ Mimicry in Fungi,” ‘ Grevillea,” vol, x. pp. 1-14. 
