EEGULATION OF SALE 189 



ards favored it. In other words, the milk could be wa- 

 tered through the cow. The tendency among breeders 

 of Netherland cattle in America (and largely on account 

 of milk standards) is to increase the fat content of their 

 milk, and many such cows yield milk containing 4 per 

 cent, to 4.5 per cent., and, exceptionally, even 5 per 

 cent, of fat. 



In regard to the second objection, the dilution of rich 

 milk is scarcely more likely to be practiced if there is a 

 minimum standard than if there is none, and it can be 

 prevented quite as effectively by law, inspection and 

 penalty with a minimum standard, as without one. 



All of the existing standards in the United States 

 are much below the average quality of the milk sold in 

 the cities to which the standards apply. It is proposed 

 by "Wing ^^ that no special standard be established, but 

 that each dealer be required to guarantee his own stand- 

 ard, and that he be held responsible if his milk be found 

 below this guarantee. Some dealers now sell bottled 

 milk of different grades, containing either 4 per cent. 

 or 5 per cent, of fat, but all of it is above the minimum 

 standard. L. P.] 



Special rules must be made for milk sold under the 

 name " infants' milk " or " nursery milk," and it must 

 be required that this shall come absolutely from herds 

 that are under constant veterinary inspection and whose 

 condition of health and cleanliness and feed are gov- 

 erned by special requirements (see page 174). In 

 a number of German ordinances, in addition to these re- 

 quirements, the minimum fat content is placed at 3.0 per 

 cent., which is considered fair. [In the United States 

 "Certified milk" is usually required to contain 4 per 

 cent. fat. J Another regulation which is justly put upon 



°'H.'P. Wing, Milk and its Products, New York and London, 

 1899. 



