NATURE OF PLANTS 



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Fig. 39. Types of stems: A, branch of hickory showing a large terminal 

 bud and several small lateral buds that were developed in the axils of the 

 leaves of the past season. The branch is three years old, as shown by the 

 three rings, r, r', r", of the bud scars which mark the successive positions of 

 the terminal bud during the past three seasons; /, leaf scars. B, branch of 

 pear — after Bailey. The ring at I shows the position of a bud which produced 

 the next year a pear, as is indicated by the large scar and swollen branch at a. 

 A short lateral branch was also developed the same season with its terminal 

 bud at 2. The next year this bud produced a branch that extended to 3, 

 bearing several leaves (note leaf scars) and of course axillary buds — one of 

 which, 6, we see grew in the following seasons. No fruit was developed this 

 season. The bud formed at 3 behaved the next season very much as the one 

 previously noted at i, forming a pear at a' and a short lateral branch that 

 reached to 4. Note also that the axillary bud, b, of the previous season grew 

 a little and its subsequent history can be followed by the annual bud scars. 

 In the following season bud 4 developed a vigorous shoot reaching to 5. No 

 fruit was formed but three buds survived, b', b", b'", thus nearly duplicating 

 the growth of bud 2. Bud 5 develops the next season fruit at a" and also 

 two lateral shoots that extend to 6 and 7 respectively. The three buds below 

 5 had only a feeble growth during this and the succeeding seasons and bud b"' 

 evidently perished during its first period of growth. Bud 6 produces the next 

 year a pear at a'" and a lateral shoot reaching to 8 and bud 7 at the same 



