352. The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



Alps varies from 6500 to 8000 feet, and in the Engadine is 7622 feet ; on Mont 

 Blanc 7218 feet; at Zermatt 7874 feet; in Northern Switzerland, Salzburg, and the 

 Bavarian Alps, 6400 feet ; in the Venetian Alps 6700 feet. The lower limit to 

 which the larch descends in the Alps is 1400 feet at JNIartigny, 2300 feet at 

 Castasegna, 2000 feet at Chur, 3000 feet in the Bavarian Alps, 2000 to 2300 feet 

 in the South Tyrol, 1300 feet in Lower Carinthia, and 1600 feet in Lower Austria. 



The Larch occupies on the boundary between Silesia and Moravia a small area, 

 about 30 German square miles, lying between the rivers Mohra and Oppa, and 

 occupying a zone on the mountains between 11 70 and 2840 feet elevation ; but only 

 occurring in a very scattered condition above 2600 feet. It grows here in mixture 

 with spruce, silver fir, and beech ; and appears to be indifferent to soil, as it is met 

 with on primitive schists, grauwacke, and basalt : it occurs also on all aspects. It is 

 absent from the adjacent high mountain of Altvater, which rises to 4900 feet, and is 

 clothed with spruce and mountain ash. According to Cieslar, the xAlpine larch has 

 been unadvisedly introduced into Silesia, and it will be difficult in the future to 

 obtain pure seed of the Silesian variety. Cieslar considers this form to be entirely 

 distinct from the larch of the Alps, as it has a cylindrical stem, with slender 

 branches and twigs which are directed upwards, and form a very narrow slender 

 crown. The Alpine larch has stouter branches and twigs, which are directed 

 horizontally, and form a much more spreading crown of foliage, the stem being much 

 more tapering. Introduced into cultivation at low elevations, the Silesian larch is 

 later to come into leaf, and sheds its leaves earlier in autumn, grows much faster, is 

 less liable to damage from snow, and can, on account of its narrow pyramidal form, 

 be planted much more densely. The Alpine larch will not bear crowding, accordino- 

 to Cieslar, and is an inferior tree for planting in every respect. 



In Russian Poland, the larch is mainly met with on the hilly land of Lysa Gora, 

 where it forms large forests on sandy soil between Konskie and Szydlowice, near 

 Samsonovv. It also extends over the right bank of the Weichsel into Galicia. 

 According to Vrzozowski, the larch at one time was spread over the governments of 

 Piotrkow and Warsaw, as churches and manor houses built 300 to 500 years ago of 

 larch wood are still standing. The distribution of the larch in ancient times must 

 also have extended considerably to the eastward, as a church built of larch in 14 19 

 is reported to exist at Slucz in the government of Minsk in West Russia. Count 

 Dzieduszycki's forester at Poturzyca, near Sokal, in Galicia, reports that larch occurs 

 there between 600 and 800 feet elevation. 



The larch occurs also, but not extensively, in the Tatra mountains, between 

 Hungary and Galicia, where it grows on southwest slopes up to 5200 feet, reaching 

 a somewhat higher altitude than the spruce and not ascending as high as the Cembra 

 pme. Cieslar finds no reliable evidence for the larch being wild in the Carpathians 

 east of the Tatra mountains ; and does not credit its occurrence in Transylvania 



Prof. Huffel ' of Nancy states that the larch occurs, but is very rare, in Roumania 

 where he saw :t in the mountains which separate the valleys of the lalomitza and 

 Prahova at 6300 to 6600 feet elevation. Here it was growing either in mixture 



' For'cts de /a Roumanie, 6, 



