THE GREAT DOG-SUPERSTITION 271 
ledge that the animal he wishes to train is not a 
little hollow duck or automaton, but that it has 
faculties corresponding to the lower psychical 
faculties in man, and that by the exercise of con- 
siderable patience it may be made, when the 
stimulus is applied, to repeat again and again a 
few actions in the same order. The question which 
concerns us to know is, has the dose of reason or 
have these lower psychical faculties in the dog 
been so greatly developed during its long com- 
panionship with man as to raise it a great deal 
nearer to man’s level, and place a great gulf be- 
tween its mind and that of the pig or the crow? 
The gulf exists only in our imagination, and the 
“development” is a fairy-tale, of which Science 
was probably not the original author, but which 
she has thought proper to include, somewhat 
amplified and with new illustrations, in the recent 
editions of her collected works. The dog, taken 
directly from a wild life, if taken young, will be 
tame and understand and obey his master— 
numerous instances are on record—and if patiently 
trained will perform tricks just as wonderful as 
those that were related to an astonished audience 
at the late meeting of the British Association by 
a well-known writer and authority on zoological 
science. And in the mammalian division there are 
hundreds of species, some higher, some lower than 
the dog, which may be taught the same things, or 
other things equally wonderful. These greatly 
vaunted performances of the dog only prove that 
