230 Principles of Plant Culture. 



the stock, which is usually not cut off, and is secured 

 in place by wrapping tightly with grafting cloth or 

 raffia. Three slightly different methods are in use. 



a — A shaving of bark, .thick enough to reach into the 

 cambium layer, is removed from the side of the stock 

 by making a long vertical cut and a short transverse 

 cut at the base, and to this cut surface the cion is care- 

 fully fitted, and bound with raffia. This method is called 

 veneer-grafting. 



b — A sloping cut is made rather deeply into the sap- 

 wood of the stock, into which the cion, after being ta- 

 pered at its base to the form of a wedge, 

 is inserted (Fig. 118), and the parts are 

 then held closely together by binding with 

 raffia. This method is generally employed 

 in herbaceous grafting, as with the po- 

 tato, tomato, etc. It is also much used in 

 grafting evergreens under glass, and oc- 

 casionally in grafting outdoor nursery 

 trees. In the latter case, a coating of 



Fig. 118. Side- . ' ^ 



graft Inserted, grafting wax is usually substituted for 



ready for tring. 



the tying, 

 c — A short, transverse incision is made, and imme- 

 diately below this, a somewhat longer, vertical cut— 

 the two cuts, wMch are just deep enough to reach 

 through the bark, forming, a T (Pig. 121). The cion 

 is then cut off with a long, sloping cut, and the point 

 inserted, the cut surface inward, beneath the two lips 

 of bark formed by the T-cut, after which the cion is 

 crowded downward until its cut surface is in contact 

 with the cambium layer of the stock, when the juncture 

 is bound with raffia. 



