262 



Principles of Plant Culture. 



dies (67, 123) by inducing branching, which we accom- 

 plish by cutting back the top in proportion to the slen- 

 derness of the trunk (423). 



b— o/ the Branches. Trees expected to support heavy 

 crops of fruit, or to endure high winds, should have 



Fig. 162. Apple tree pruned with open bc;ii3, to admit abundant light. 



branches developed with special reference to strength. 

 In such cases, several medium to small branches are 

 better able to endure the strain' than a few large ones 



