Index. 



293 



Domestic plants and animals de- 

 fined, 11, 



Dormant state of protoplasm, 15. 



Drainage promotes soil aeration, 

 70; required by potted plants, 

 70. 



Dressing defined, 254, 



Drought causes toughness ot 

 plant tissue, 143 ; cultivation 

 a preventive of, 143 ; mulching 

 a preventive of, 144 ; tends lo 

 hasten maturity, 142. 



Drying kills plant tissues, 144. 



Duration of germinating power, 

 108 ; of seed vitality, condi- 

 tions affecting, 109. 



Electric light, use of, in glass 

 houses, 149. 



Elements essential in plant food, 

 44 ; part played by different, 

 44. 



Emasculation of flowers, 277. 



Embryo defined, 40. 



Endosperm defined, 40. 



Environment defined, 10 : factors 

 of, 118. 



Epidermis defined, 48 ; replaced 

 by bark in older stems, 49. 



Evaporation current, 60. 



Evergreen trees destroyed by un- 

 timely warm weather in spring, 

 119. 



Evolution, theory of, 21. 



Factors of environment, 118. 



Families, how formed, 18. 



Farm manure, 158. 



Fecundation, 100 ; cross, how ac- 

 complished, 277. 



Feebleness defined, 12. 



Ferns, how grown from spores, 

 39. 



Fertilization, 100. 



Fertilizer requirements of crops, 

 158. 



Filament, 97. 



Fir tree oil, 171. 



Fibro-vascular bundles, 51. 



Fixing desirable variations, 272. 



i'lax, dodder of, 180. 



Flea beetles, 168. 



Flower, 95 ; certain parts of, 

 often wanting, 98 ; parts of the, 

 95 ; parts of, vary in form in 

 different species, 98. 



Flower-buds, 88 ; conditions af- 

 fecting formation of, 91 ; de- 

 stroyed by cold, 126 ; how dis- 

 tinguished from leaf-buds, 88 ; 

 ringing often causes formation 

 of, 94, 266. 



Flowering and fruiting, root 

 pruning to promote, 265. 



Flowering, glumes, 100. 

 Flowering, pinching to promote, 



264. 

 Flowers, composite, 98 ; especially 

 sensitive to cold, 127 ; of the 

 grass family, 99 ; tend to ex- 

 haust the plant. 95. 

 Flowers and fruit, obstructing 

 growth, current to promote, 

 266 ; pruning for, 264. 

 Flow of sap in spring, 61. 

 Food, current of prepared, 62 ; 

 elements of, most likely to be 

 deficient in the soil, 45 ; insuffi- 

 cient dwarfs the plant, 153 ; 

 materials of, how distributed 

 through plant, 47 ; reserve, 15 ; 

 storage of reserve, 64 ; use of 

 reserve, 64. 

 Food preparation the function ol 



leaves, 82. 

 Food supply, relation of roots to, 

 78 ; unfavorable, effect of, on 

 plant, 151. 

 Formaldehyd, 182. 

 Formalin treatment for grain 



smut, 182. 

 Formative pruning, 2ri7. 

 Formula for Bordeaux mixture, 



184. 

 Formulae for kerosene emulsion, 



168 ; for resin washes, 168. 

 Freezing of plants favored by 

 much water in plant tissue, 

 122. 

 Freezing, severe, may split open 



tree trunks, 125. 

 Frost, conditions that tend to 

 avert, 134 ; how foretold, 131 ; 

 plants injured by, how saved 

 from serious damage, 124 ; lia- 

 bility to, depending compara- 

 tively little upon latitude, 135 ; 

 localities most subject to, 135 ; 

 methods of preventing Injury 

 by, 136. 

 Frozen tissues, treatment of, 124. 

 Fruit, 104 ; or flowers, pruning 

 for, 264 : thinning of, 105, 264. 

 Fruitfulness promoted by re- 

 stricting growth current, 63. 

 Fruiting, obstructing growth cur- 

 rent to promote, 266 ; root 

 pruning to promote, 265. 

 Fruits and vegetables, cracks in, 

 caused by excessive moisture, 

 140 ; rarely develop without 

 fecundation, 104 ; ripening of, 

 106. 

 Fungi, 180 ; endophytic, 182 ; epi- 

 phytic, 182 ; methods of con- 

 trolling, 181. 



