BOTANY 
(Specularia hybrida), the toadflaxes Linaria Elatine, L. spuria, L. viscida, and the calamint 
(Calamintha arvensis). 
The heathy district near Leighton Buzzard, Woburn and Aspley affords a completely 
different flora from the Chalk. 
Here occur in open places the cress Teesdalia nudicaulis, the pearl-wort (Sagina ciliata), 
the sand-wort (Buda or Arenaria rubra), the St. John worts (Hypericum humifusum and H. pul- 
chrum), the scorpion grass (AZyosotis collina and M. versicolor), the wood pea (Lathyrus montanus), 
the buck’s horn (Plantago Coronopus), the clovers Trifolium arvense and T. striatum, the sheep’s 
scabious (Fasione montana), the climbing fumitory (Capnoides claviculata), the cudweeds Gna- 
phalium syluaticum and Filago minima, the chickweed (Cerastium semidecandrum), the hemlock- 
leaved stork’s-bill (Krodium cicutarium), the silvery cinquefoil (Potentilla argentea), the crane’s- 
bill (Geranium pusillum), the hawkweeds Hieracium umbellatum and H. boreale, the golden rod 
(Solidago Virgaurea), the dog violet (Viola canina), the grasses Molinia varia, Agrostis canina, 
Deschampsia flexuosa, Aira caryophyllea, A, praecox, Festuca ovina and var. paludosa, F. sciuroides, 
the foxglove (Digitahs purpurea), the grass Poa pratensis var. subcoerulea, the sedge Carex 
pilulifera, and the musk mallow (Malva moschata var. heterophylla). The cultivated ground 
on this light soil yields the small succory (Arnoseris minima), the corn camomile (Chrysanthemum 
segetum), the spurrey (Sfergula sativa), the grass Bromus secalinus, the bird’s-foot (Ornithopus 
perpusillus), the saw-wort (Serratula tinctoria), etc. 
The woods and bushy portion have, in addition to the planted pines and larch, a native 
growth of huckleberry (Vaccinium Myrtillus), heather (Calluna Erica), the lily of the valley 
(Convallaria majalis), the aspen (Populus tremula), the grasses Molinia varia and Poa nemoralis, 
the wood rush (Luzula maxima or ‘funcoides sylvaticum), the foxglove (Digitalis purpurea), and 
the fern Lomaria Spicant. 
The boggy parts yield the local sedge, Carex canescens, the bog pimpernel (Anagallis 
tenella), the marsh bedstraw (Galum uliginosum), the sedges Carex echinata, C. flava var. 
minor, the biting persicaria (Polygonum Hydropiper), the blinks (AZontia fontana as the var. 
minor), the grass Sieglingia decumbens, the marsh violet (Viola palustris), the rushes Juncus 
supinus, Funcoides multiflarum and var. erectum, and the grass Molinia varia. 
On clay soils, as about Cranfield, Salford, etc., we have the graceful sedge Carex pendula, 
not only by hedges but in the woodlands, where also occur the spurge laurel (Daphne Laureola), 
the small burdock (Arctium minus), the water elder (Viburnum Ofulus), the grass Calamagrostis 
Epigeios, the violet Viola Reichenbachiana, the grass Milium effusum, the cow wheat (AZelampyrum 
pratense), the gromwell (Lithospermum officinale), etc. 
The riverside vegetation includes Epilobium roseum, E. obscurum and a hybrid of the two, 
the winter cress (Barbarea vulgaris var. divaricata), the sedge Carex paludosa (which is probably 
Abbot’s C. acuta), C. riparia, etc.; the willows Salix triandra, 8, Smithiana, S. cinerea, 
S. caprea, S. purpurea, 8. viminalis; the orach (Atriplex deltoidea), the water chickweed (Stel- 
laria aquatica) ; the black poplar (Populus nigra) is not uncommon, and P. canescens and P. alba 
occur, but all as planted trees. 
The maple (Acer campestre) is very frequent and is often a good sized tree, and is found 
with glabrous var. /eiocarpa, as well as hairy fruit coverings (var. hebecarpa). The wych 
elm (U/mus campestris) is not uncommon, but like the common elm (U. sativa) may be a 
planted tree. 
The streams have Potamogeton densus and P. crispum, and Zannichellia palustris. 
The ponds have Ranunculus heterophyllus, R. peltatus, R. Drouetii and Ceratophyllum. 
In the pastures the rest harrow (Ononis spinosa) is frequent ; the eyebright (Euphrasia) is 
almost universally 2. nemorosa, and the rattle is Rhinanthus minor. 
Other plants of the Ouzel district :— 
Clematis Vitalba, L. Erophila stenophylla, Jord. Woburn (Druce) 
Thalictrum flavum, L. Camelina sativa, Crantz. Clover fields near 
Ranunculus heterophyllus, Web. Woburn Sands, Woburn Sands (Druce) 
etc. (Druce) Erysimum cheiranthoides, L. Woburn " ; 
— pseudo-fluitans, forma. Oxze/ (J.5.) Diplotaxis muralis, DC., var. Babingtonii. Rail- 
— divaricatus, Schrank. Aspley (J.S.) way near Woburn Sands (Druce) 
Myosurus minimis, L. Sa/ferd (Druce) Hesperis matronalis, L. Woburn Sands : 
Berberis vulgaris, L. Woburn Brassica elongata, Ehrh. Casual at Leighton Mill 
Papaver Lecoqii, Lam. Near Eaton Bray (Druce) : 
(Druce) Viola tricolor, L., var. agrestis (Jord.) Woburn 
Bunias Erucago. Leighton Mill (Druce) (Druce) 
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