A HISTORY OF BEDFORDSHIRE 
a large round barrow, and an ancient trackway could be traced from 
between these barrows to the chief entrance of the British camp named 
Maiden Bower. Flint flakes are abundant round the sites of both 
barrows. 
The people of the later stone and bronze ages lived chiefly in places 
where water was conveniently at hand, in camps protected by ramparts, 
ditches and palisades. They had look-out huts on all the high positions 
and in places bordering their trackways. ‘Their houses were huts or 
wigwams of sticks and skins. 
The chief neolithic weapons and tools were the axe and adze, often 
partly or wholly ground, the pick, lance, dagger, arrow, sling-stone, 
knife and scraper. There were also many minor tools, some of unknown 
use. These relics are generally distributed over Bedfordshire, being 
more commonly found in valleys, on plains, and near rivers and water- 
courses than on the hills. 
The newer stone implements are often called ‘surface implements,’ 
because they are commonly found on the surface of the ground. They 
are best seen in harrowed fields after showers of rain. They are con- 
stantly turned up by the plough, and are not uncommon on heaps of flints 
in fields, by the roadside and in cart ruts. They are often found in and 
near ancient camps, by water-courses, in sheltered places at hill bottoms, 
and in tumuli. 
It will be convenient to illustrate the neolithic and later surface 
weapons and tools of Bedfordshire at this place. Some examples are many 
years older than others, but none are so old as the palzolithic age. 
These implements are spread irregularly all over Bedfordshire. Strange 
as it may appear, centuries of field cultivation have made but little 
difference in the nature of their positions. ‘The interior of the camp 
called Maiden Bower near Dunstable contains, or has contained, many 
stone implements and flint flakes. For a certain number of yards 
outside the camp the same abundance prevails, but beyond a given cir- 
cuit both implements and flakes are rare. The camp and the adjoining 
fields have been under cultivation for centuries, yet the old average of 
worked and unworked stones still holds good. Under the turf on the top 
of the earthen bank which surrounds this camp, a group of several stone 
mullers was found, and at another time a collection of sling or throw- 
stones on the very spot where they were made and laid down for use. 
The same is true of the camp called Waulud’s Bank near Leagrave, 
Luton. 
A little more than a mile south of Dunstable there is a place named 
on the ordnance maps Mount Pleasant, a large, high, wind-swept, almost 
treeless hill. Immediately to the south of this place surface implements 
and flakes have been found in abundance, but always within a given 
circuit ; outside this region even flakes are rare. Mount Pleasant in 
ancient British times must have been a living place and a place of manu- 
facture of stone tools. A similar prolific place occurs at half a mile south- 
west of Dunstable, just east of the place named ‘California’ on the 
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