HOMOLOGICAL STRUCTURES. 7 



glanders, syphilis, cholera, herpes, &c. i'' and this fact proves the 

 close similarity* of their tissues and blood, both in minute struc- 

 ture and composition, far more plainly than does their comparison 

 under the best microscope, or by the aid of the best chemical 

 analysis. Monkeys are liable to many of the same non-contagious 

 diseases as we are; thus Rengger," who carefully observed for a 

 long time the Cebus Azaree in its native land, found it liable to 

 catarrh, with the usual symptoms, and which, when often recur- 

 rent, led to consumption. These monkeys suffered also from 

 apoplexy, inflammation of the bowels, and cataract in the eye. 

 The younger ones when shedding their milk-teeth often died from 

 fever. Medicines produced the same effect on them as on us. Many 

 kinds of monkeys have a strong taste for tea, coffee, and spirit- 

 uous liquors: they will also, as I have myself seen, smoke to- 

 bacco with pleasure." Brehm asserts that the natives of north- 

 eastern Africa catch the wild baboons by exposing vessels with 

 strong beer, by which they are made drunk. He has seen some 

 of these animals, which he kept in confinement, in this state; and 

 he gives a laughable account of their behavior and strange 

 grimaces. On the following morning they were very cross and 

 dismal; they held their aching heads with both hands, and wore 

 a most pitiable expression: when beer or wine was offered them, 

 they turned away with disgust, but relished the juice of lemons.' 

 An American monkey, an Ateles, after getting drunk on brandy, 

 would never touch it again, and thus was wiser than many men. 

 These trifling facts prove how similar the nerves of taste must 

 be in monkeys and man, and how similarly their whole nervous 

 system is affected. 

 Man is Infested with internal parasites, sometimes causing fatal 



' Dr. W. Laud&r Lindsay has treated this subject at some length in 

 the 'Journal of Mental Science,' July, 1871; and in the 'Edinburgh 

 Veterinary Review,' July, 1858. 



* A Reviewer has criticized ('British Quarterly Review,' Oct. 1st, 1871, 

 p. 472) what I have here said with much severity and contempt; but 

 as I do not use the term identity, I cannot see that I am greatly in 

 error. There appears to me a strong analogy between the same 

 infection or contagion producing the same result or one closely similar, 

 in two distinct animals, and the testing of two distinct fluids by the 

 same chemical reagent. 



= 'Naturgeschichte der Saugethiere von Paraguay,' 1830, a. 50. 



" The same tastes are common to some animals much lower in the 

 scale. Mr. A. Niools Informs me that he kept in Queensland, in Aus- 

 tralia, three individuals of the Phaseolarctus cinereus; and that, with- 

 out having been taught in any way, they acquired a strong taste for 

 rum, and for smoking tobacco. 



' Brehm, 'Thierleben,' B. i. 1864, s. 75, 86. On the Ateles, s. 105. For 

 Other analogous statements,, see s. 25, 107. 



