330 THE DESCENT OF MAN. 



"in a dying state."" Mr. Buist informs Kie, that in June, 186S, 

 the keeper oi: the Stormontfield breeding-ponds visited the north- 

 ern Tyne and found about 300 dead salmon, all of which with one 

 exception were males; and he was convinced that they had lost 

 their lives by fighting. 



Fig. 2S. Head of female salmon. 



The most curious point about the male salmon Is that during 

 the breeding-season, besides a slight change in color, "the lower 

 "jaw elongates, and a cartilaginous projection turns upwards 

 "from the point, which, when the jaws are closed, occupies a 

 "deep cavity between the intermaxillary bones of the upper jaw.'" 

 (Figs. 27 and 28.) In our salmon this change of structure lasts 



° 'The Field,' June 29th, 1867. For Mr. Shaw's statement, see 'Edin- 

 burgh Review,' 1843. Another experienced observer (Scrope's 'Days of 

 Salmon Fishing,' p. 60) remarks that like the stag, the male would,' if 

 he could, keep all other males av.'ay. 



' Yarrell, 'History of British Fishes,' vol. ii. 1836, p. 10. 



